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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Chemistry?
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the study of matter and the changes that it undergoes.
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What is matter?
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anything that has mass and volume.
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The four states of matter are...
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solid, liquid, gas, plasma
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gas -> solid is called
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desposition
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solid -> gas is called
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sublimation
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gas -> liquid is called
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condensation
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liquid -> gas is called
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vaporization
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3 properties of solids
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particles are arranged so particles are closely packed, definite shape and volume, cannot be compressed
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3 properties of liquids
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particles are arranged so they can slide past eachother takes the shape of the container and definite volume, cannot be compressed
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3 properties of gas
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particles are spread out widely, no definite shape or volume, very compressible
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a molecule is
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2 or more chemically bonded atoms
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matter that has a fixed composition and distinct properties is called
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a substance
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a combination of 2 or more substances, each of which retains its properties is called
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a mixture
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True or False: compoiunds can be decomposed into simpler substances.
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true
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Physical properties are
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properties that can be observed without changing the identity and composition of the matter.
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Chemical properties are
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properties that describe the way a substance may change to react to form other substances.
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Properties that are independent of sample size are called
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intensive properties
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Properties that depend on sample size are called
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extensive properties (ex. mass, volume)
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Define homogeneous mixtures
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uniform throughout. Also called solutions.
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Define heterogeneous mixtures
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non-uniform throughout.
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Filtration
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the mixture is separated based on differences in particle size
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Distillation
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separates components based on differences in boiling points.
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chromatography
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separates mixture components based on differences in atraction to a surface.
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