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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alchemy |
Up to the 17th century, it was the major science involving the study of matter. Goal was to transform metals into gold. Finding the elixer of life. |
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Robert Boyle |
Hailed as the father of modern chemistry by introducing the scientific method. |
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Antoine Lavoisier |
Observed that the overall mass of reactants was equal to the overall mass of products in chemical reactions. Law of conservation of mass. |
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Joseph Proust |
Observed that the ratios of elements which compose a chemical compound are constant. Law of definite proportions. |
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John Dalton |
Observed that atoms combine to form molecules in whole number ratios. Law of multiple proportions. Also atomic theory, |
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Atomic Theory |
Elements are composed of tiny indestructible particles called atoms. All atoms of one element has the same mass and other properties that distinguish them from the atoms of other elements. Atoms combine in simple, whole number ratios to form molecules. Atoms of one element cannot change into atoms of another element. |
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J.J. Thomson |
Explored the properties of cathode rays. Determined they were negative because they were attracted to the positive. |
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Cathode rays |
electrons |
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Ernest Rutherford |
Wanted to confirm the plum pudding model. fired alpha particles at gold foil. deflection occurred, which resulted in the discovery of the nucleus. Developed the nuclear theory of the atom. |
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Nuclear theory of the atom |
Most of the mass, an positive charge is located at the nucleus. The remaining volume is mostly empty space and electrons. Equal number of electrons and protons. |
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James Chadwick |
Confirmed the presence of the neutron. |
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Atomic Structure |
Atoms of a given element are comprised of differing amounts of protons, neutrons, and electrons. |
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Neutral atoms |
When a given element has a charge of zero. |
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Ions |
When atoms of a given element, have a charge not equal to zero. |
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Isotopes |
When atoms of a given element contain differing numbers of neutrons. |
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Avogadro's number |
6.022 x 10^ -23 mol |
