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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pure Substance
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a substance that has not been mixed with any other substance or been tampered with.
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Scientific Method
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1. Observed Facts
2. Hypothesis 3. Experimental test of Hypothesis 4. Verifies Hypothesis 5. Theory |
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Physical Properties
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a substance undergoes this change without losing it's identity. ie, a substance melting or freezing, changing color, or density
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Chemical Properties
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the ability of a pure substance to chemically react with other pure substances and change into one with new physical/chemical properties
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Mixtures
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consists of 2 or more pure substances
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Heterogeneous Mixture
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Mixtures that are visibly discontinuous, with the different components being very east to distinguish. ie, salt and pepper
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Homogeneous Mixture
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a mixture when the eye cannot distinguish one component from another. ie, sugar and water
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Compounds
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decomposable pure substances. ie, H2O can be broken down into Hydrogen and Oxygen
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Elements
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substances that can no longer be broken down. ie, hydrogen.
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Silver
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Ag
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Gold
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Au
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Iron
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Fe
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Mercury
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Hg
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Potassium
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K
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Sodium
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Na
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Lead
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Pb
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Tin
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Sn
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Antimony
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Sb
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Tungsten
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W
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Area
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m^2
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Volume
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m^3
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Density
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kg/m^3
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Velocity
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m/s
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Length Unit Name
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Meter
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Mass Unit Name
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Kilogram
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Temperature Unit Name
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Kelvin
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Time unit name
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Second
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Amount of Substance unit name
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Mole
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Non-SI name for Length
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Angstrom, 10^-10 m
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Non-SI name for Volume
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liter, 10^-3 m^3
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Non-SI name for Energy
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Calorie, (kg x m^2 x s^-2)
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Giga amount
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G - 1,000,000,000
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Mega amount
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M - 1,000,000
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Kilo amount
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k - 1,000
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Deci amount
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d - 0.1
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Centi amount
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c - 0.01
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Milli amount
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m - 0.001
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Micro amount
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0.000001
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Nano amount
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n - 0.0000001
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Pico amount
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p - 0.000000000001
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Laws of Sig Figs
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1. a trailing 0 is SIGNIFICANT
2. a 0 within a number is SIGNIFICANT 3. a 0 before a digit is NOT significant 4. a number ending in 0 with no decimal point is AMBIGUOUS 5. any "equivalent" factor has an INFINITE number of sig figs |
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Multiplying in Scientific Notation
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always go with least amount of sig figs in a question
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Add/Subtract in Scientific Notation
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the number of sig figs can go up/down, but the number of sig figs to the right of the decimal point must stay the SAME
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1 inch = ? cm
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2.54 cm
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1 m = ? inches
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39.37 inches
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1 mile = ? km
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1.609 km
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1 gal = ? L
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3.7853 L
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1 cc = ? mL
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1 mL
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Mass
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the measure of quantity of matter
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SI unit of mass
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Kilogram
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Volume
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the amount of space that a sample occupies
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Density = ?
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mass in grams / volume in centimeters cubed
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Specific Gravity definition
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the ratio of the density of the test liquid to the density of a reference liquid
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Specific Gravity Equation
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density of test liquid / density of reference liquid
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Standard Reference Liquid for Specific Gravity
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Pure Water
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Fahrenheit Scale
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freezing pt: 32
boiling pt: 212 |
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Celsius Scale
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freezing pt: 0
boiling pt: 100 |
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Kelvin Scale
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boiling pt: 273
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Converting Kelvin to Celsius
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K = C = 273
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Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius
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F = C x (9/5)(F/C)
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Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius
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C = F x (5/9)(C/F)
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non SI unit of heat
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Calories
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SI unit of heat
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Joules
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1 cal = ? J
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4.184 J
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Specific Heat Equation
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Cp = joules / (grams x change in degrees Celsius)
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Basal Metabolic Rate
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minimal metabolic activity of human at rest and with an empty gastrointestinal tract
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