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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alloy |
Substance that contains a mixture of elements and has metallic properties |
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Anion |
A negative ion |
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Aqueous solution |
Solutions in which water is the solvent |
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Atomic mass unit (amu) |
A small unit of mass equal to 1.66 x 10^24 grams |
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Avogadro's law |
Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of atoms or molecules |
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Binary compound |
A two-element compound consisting of a cation and an anion |
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Cation |
A positive ion |
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Charles's law |
The volume of a given sample of gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the temperature in kelvins |
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Compound |
A substance with constant composition that can be broken down into elements by chemical processes |
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Condensation |
The process by which vapor molecules re-form a liquid |
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Ionic compound |
When a metal reacts with a nonmetal and electrons are transferred |
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Dilute |
Small amount of solute |
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Concentrated |
Large amount of solute |
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Solution |
Homogeneous mixture |
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Solute |
Other substances in the solution |
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Solvent |
Substance present in largest amount |
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Polar covalent bond |
A covalent bond in which the electrons aren't shared equally, 1 atom attracts them more strongly |
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Covalent bond |
Type of bonding where electrons are shared by nuclei |
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Diatomic molecule |
A molecule composed of two atoms |
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Dipole-dipole attraction |
The attractive force resulting when polar molecules line up such that the positive and negative ends are close to each other |
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Dipole moment |
A property of a molecule whereby the charge distribution can be represented by a center of positive charge and a center of negative charge |
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Endothermic |
Heat flows in |
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Exothermic |
Heat flows out |
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Hydrogen bonding |
Unusually strong dipole-dipole attractions that occur among molecules in which hydrogen is bonded to a highly electronegative atom |
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Isotopes |
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. They have identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers. |
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Law of conservation of energy |
Energy can be converted from one form to another but can be neither created nor destroyed |
