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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The behavior of cathode rays in a glass tube containing gas at low pressure led scientists to conclude that the rays were composed of
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negative particles
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The basic principles of atomic theory that are still recognized today were first conceived by
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Dalton
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Atoms of the same element can differ in
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mass number
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Dalton's atomic theory helped to expalain the law of conservation of mass because it state that atoms
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could not be created or destroyed
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Millikens experiments determined
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the approximate value of the electron's mass
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In rutherford's experiment, a small percentageof the postively charged particles bombarding the metal's surface
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were deflected back toward the source from the metal
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Most of the volume of an atom is made up of the
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electron cloud
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if an istope of Chlorine has a mass number of 37, how many neutrons does the atom have?
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20
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Isotopes are atoms of the smae element that differ in
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masses
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The number of protons in the nucleus of an element is called its ____ number
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atomic
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The strong attractive forces that hold the nuclear particles together are called
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Nuclear
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The smallest particles of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element are
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atoms
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When calculating the percent error in the laboratory, the value that you as the student will measure is known as the __ value
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Observed
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Which of the following is not one of the colors found in the visible light spectrum?
a- blue b-red c-black d-yellow |
black
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All of the following sets of quantum numbers are allowed EXCEPT
a- n=6, l=1, m=-1 b- n=1, l=4 m=0 c. n=4, l=1, m=-1 d. n=3, l=2,m=+2 |
B
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An oribital that would never exist in the quantum description of an atom is
a. 3d b. 6D c. 8s. d. 3f |
3f
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Which of the following requies that each of the p oribitals at a particular level have one electron before any of the them have two electrons?
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Hund's rule
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Whenever an excited hydrogen atom falls back from an excited state to it's ground state, the
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energy decreases
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Bohr's model showed the path that electrons circled around the nuclues for each element
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Hydrogen
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What is the total number of electrons needed to fill the fourth main energy level?
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32
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When an electron is the oribtal closet to the nucleus, it is said to be in the _ state
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Ground
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The magnetic quantum number indicates the
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orientation of the oribital around the nucleus
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The element Sodium will have electrons in all of the following subshells EXCEPT
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3d
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If you want to determine the shape of an elements oribital you would look at which quantum number
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angular momentum
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An electron occupies the lowest energy orbital that can receive it
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Aufbau Principle
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Oribitals of equal energy are occupied by one electron before any oribtial is occupied by a second electron
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hund's rule
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No two electrons in the same atom can have the same four quantum numbers
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Pauli exclusion principle
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The single electron of hydrogen oribits the nuclues only in allowed orbitals, each with a fixed energy
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Bohr model of the atom
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We know that the modern day periodic chart is arranged by increasing atomic number, but who was given credit for first arranging it in order by atomic mass?
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Mendeleev
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The discovery of the noble gases changed Mendeleev's periodic table by adding a new
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group
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MOseley discovered that elements with similar properties occurred at regular intervals when the elements were arranged in order of increasing
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atomic number
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Within the P-block group, the elements at the top of the table___ than those at the bottom
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Have larger electronegativity
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Within a group of elements, as the atomic number increases, the atomic radius
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Generally decreases
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The most characteristic property of the noble gases is that they are
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largely unreactive
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the number of valence electrons for Group 2 elements are
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2
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The ion who has gained two electrons is
a. Mg +2 b. Br - c. Na+ D. S 2- |
D
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The maximum number of valence electrons that an element can have is
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8
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An ion is an element with
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A positive or negative charge
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Which of the following is an example of an anion
a. Cl- b. Mg 2+ c. K+ d. Cu |
A
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The energy required to remove an electron from an atom is called its
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ionization energy
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An ionic bond results from electrical attraction between large numbers of
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cations and anions
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Bond length is the distance between two bonded atoms at
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their minimum potential energy
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To draw a lewis structure, its is NOT necessary to know
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bond energies
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When a double bond is formed, how many pairs of electrons will the two atoms share?
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two
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The principle that states that atoms tend to form compounds in which each atoms has eight electrons in it's highest occupied energy level is called the
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Octet rule
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Lattice energy is an indication of the
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Strength of the ionic bond
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A ___ bond is formed when a pair of electrons are shared between two atoms
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Covalent
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Which intermolecular force contributes to the high boiling point of water?
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Hydrogen bonding
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If a bond is classifed as polar-covalent, the range of electronegativity difference will be
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0.3 to 1.7
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Which of the following is an example of an ionic bond
a. KCl b. IBr c. H2O D.CH3Cl |
A
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When calculating the formula mass of a compound, which unites will be used?
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amu
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In a polyatomic ion, the algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms is qual to
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The charge of the ion
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Using the stock system of nomenclature for this ionic Compound, Cr2 (SO4)3 is named
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Chromium ( III) sulfate
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If sulfur formed an ion, which of the following choices would it look like?
a- S2+ b- S2- c S6- d- S16 |
C
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in the compound Na202 oxygen has an oxidation number of -1. What are the oxidation numbers for this compound?
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+1,-1
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What is the formula for the covalent compound PBR3?
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phosphorus tribromide
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In the compound N30, which previx should be used when naming nitrogen
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Tri-
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The term used to describe the naming systems for binary ions and covalent compounds is
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nomenclature
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When determing the formula in an ionic compound what happens to the charges?
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They are crossed
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