Chem Chapter 2 Measurements And Calculations

Front 1

percentage error

Back 1

percentage error= value experimented-value accepted / value accepted * 100

Front 2

accuracy

Back 2

refers to the closeness of measurements to the correct or acccepted value of the quantity measured

Front 3

precision

Back 3

refers to the closeness of a set of measurements of the sam quantity made in the same way

Front 4

darts within small area

Back 4

high precision

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area centered on bulls eye

Back 5

high accuracy

Front 6

darts within small area

Back 6

high precision

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area far from bullseye

Back 7

low accuracy

Front 8

darts within large area

Back 8

low precision

Front 9

significant does not mean

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certain

Front 10

in a measurement consist of all the digits known with certainty plus one final digit which is uncertain or estimated

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significant number

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TABLE 3

Back 11

studyyyyyyyy it

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adding & subtracting

Back 12

answer same number of digits to the number witht the least amnt of digits to right of decimal pt.

Front 13

for rounding whole #s (without decimal pts.)

Back 13

round answer so that the final sign. digit is in the same place as the leftmost uncertain digit
(5400 + 365= 5800)

Front 14

density = ?

Back 14

mass / volume

Front 15

? / volume = density

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mass

Front 16

multiplication/ divison rounding rules

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the answer can have mo more significant numbers than are in the measurement with thte fewest significant numbers

Front 17

4 steps to solving problems

Back 17

analyze plan compute evaluate

Front 18

direct proportion

Back 18

describes 2 quantities when divided one by the other gives a constant value

Front 19

inverse proportion

Back 19

describes 2 quantities when multiplied by each other gives a constant value

Front 20

refers to the closeness of a measurement to the correctto the correct or accepted value

Back 20

accuracy

Front 21

refers to the closeness of calues for a set of measurements

Back 21

precision

Front 22

the difference between the experimental and the accepted value that is divided by the accepted value and then mult. by 100

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percentage error

Front 23

the significant figures in a number consist of

Back 23

all digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is uncertain

Front 24

t/f exact conversion factors are completely CERTAIN and DO NOT LIMIT THE NUMBER OF DIGITS IN A CALC.

Back 24

true

Front 25

a number written in scient. not. is of the form ___________ in which M is ___ or ____ to1 but ___ less than ___ and n is an ____

Back 25

M X 10 n;
less =;
integer

Front 26

two quantities are direct. proport if _______________ constant value

Back 26

dividing one by the other gives a constant value

Front 27

two quantities are inversely proportional to each other if _______ constant value

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their product has a constant value

Front 28

a logical approach to solving problems that lend themselves to investigation

Back 28

scientific method

Front 29

testable statement that serves as the basis for predictions and further experiments

Back 29

hypothesis

Front 30

broad generalization that explains a body of known facts or phenomena

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theory

Front 31

the result of every measurement is ____ and ___

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number

& a unit

Front 32

the ______ system of measurement is used in science.

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SI

Front 33

how many base units in SI system

Back 33

7

Front 34

length

Back 34

meter

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mass

Back 35

kilogram

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time

Back 36

second

Front 37

temperature

Back 37

kelvin

Front 38

amount of substance

Back 38

mole

Front 39

electric current

Back 39

ampere

Front 40

luminous intensity

Back 40

candela

Front 41

measure of the gravitational pull on matter

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weight

Front 42

area

Back 42

square meter

Front 43

volume

Back 43

cubic meter

Front 44

sq. meter and cubic meter ex. of _____

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derived units

Front 45

ratio of mass to volume

Back 45

density

Front 46

wht are conv. factors used for?

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to convert from one unit to another

Front 47

how do you convert from one unit to another?

Back 47

by conversion factors

Front 48

the use of senses to obtain info

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observe

Front 49

numerical info

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quantitative

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non-numerical info

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qualitive

Front 51

a specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation

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system

Front 52

when u observe a reaction in test tube test tube and contents form

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system

Front 53

what does exper. involve to make observations and collect data

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carrying out a procedure under controlled conditions

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scientists have to do wht to make a hypothesis

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make generalizations about data

Front 55

stages in scient method ...

Back 55

observing, formulating hypothesis, testing, theorizing, publish results

Front 56

the experimental conditions that remain constant

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controls

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any condition that changes

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variable

Front 58

effects of wht usually causes change?

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variable

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hypothesis has to be changed if.

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testing reveals that the prediction was incorrect

Front 60

more than a phys object

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model

Front 61

often an explanation of how phenomena occur and how data / events related

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model

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models may be

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visual, verbal, mathematical

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one imp model in chem is

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atomic model - matter is omposed of tiny particles called atoms

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if a model successfully explains many phenomena, wht might happen?

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become part of a theory

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when are theories considered successful

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if they can predict the results of many new experiments

Front 66

kinetic molecular and collision theory

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ex. of imp theories

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something that has magnitude size or amount

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quantity

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________ represent quantities

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measurements

Front 69

teaspoon is _____
volume is ______

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unit of measurement;
quantity

Front 70

combos of SI base units form ________

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derived units

Front 71

length

Back 71

l

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mass

Back 72

M

Front 73

time

Back 73

t

Front 74

temperature

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T

Front 75

amount of substance

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mole

Front 76

electric current

Back 76

ampere

Front 77

luminous intensity

Back 77

I(sub v)

Front 78

M

Back 78

mega
10^6

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k

Back 79

kilo
10 ^3

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d

Back 80

deci
10 ^ -1

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c

Back 81

centi
10 ^-2

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m

Back 82

milli
10 ^ -3

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u

Back 83

micro
10 ^ -6

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n

Back 84

nano
10 ^ -9

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p

Back 85

pico
10 ^ -12

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A

Back 86

area
square meter
m^2

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V

Back 87

volume
cubic meter
m^3

Front 88

D

Back 88

density
kilograms per cubic meter
kg/m^3

Front 89

M

Back 89

molar mass
kilograms per mole
kg/mol

Front 90

V(sub m)

Back 90

molar volume
cubic meters per mole
m^3/mol

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E

Back 91

energy
joule
J

Front 92

amount of space occupied by an object

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volume

Front 93

derived SI unit of volume

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cubic meters, m^3

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name pascal gives name for pressure

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pa

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1 L = ___ cm^3

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1000

Front 96

ml = ________

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cubic centimeter

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kg/m^3 or g/L

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density

Front 98

density is a ___ property of a substance

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physical

Front 99

does size affect density

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no

Front 100

ratio derived from equality between 2 diff units that can be used from one unit to the other

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conversion factor

Front 101

a mathematical technique that allows you to use units to solve problems involving measurements

Back 101

dimensional analysis