Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Hypothesis |
A tentative interpretation of the observations |
|
|
Scientific Law |
A statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones |
|
|
Theory |
A model for the way nature is. The what and the why. |
|
|
Two types of solid matter |
Crystalline and amorphous |
|
|
Pure substance |
Made up of just one component and is invarient. Ex: helium, water |
|
|
Mixture |
Has two or more components in proportions that can vary from one sample to another. |
|
|
Types of pure substances |
Element and compound |
|
|
Types of mixtures |
Heterogeneous and homogeneous |
|
|
Physical changes |
Changes that only alter state or appearance but not composition. |
|
|
Chemical changes |
When atoms are rearranged to form different substances. |
|
|
Physical property |
A property that a substance displays without changing its composition. |
|
|
Chemical property |
A property that a substance displays only by changing its composition. |
|
|
Energy |
The capacity to do work |
|
|
Work |
The action of a force through a distance |
|
|
Kinetic energy |
Associated with motion |
|
|
Potential energy |
Associated with position or composition |
|
|
Total energy |
Kinetic energy + potential energy |
|
|
Thermal energy |
A type of kinetic energy associated with temperature |
|
|
Celsius to Kelvin conversion |
°C + 273.15 |
|
|
Fahrenheit to Celsius |
(°F-32)/1.8 |
|
|
Prefix: exa |
E 10^18 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
|
|
Prefix: peta |
P 10^15 1,000,000,000,000,000 |
|
|
Prefix: tera |
T 10^12 1,000,000,000,000 |
|
|
Prefix: giga |
G 10^9 1,000,000,000 |
|
|
Prefix: mega |
M 10^6 1,000,000 |
|
|
Prefix: kilo |
k 10^3 1,000 |
|
|
Prefix: deci |
d 10^-1 0.1 |
|
|
Prefix: centi |
c 10^-2 0.01 |
|
|
Prefix: milli |
m 10^-3 0.001 |
|
|
Prefix: micro |
µ (Mu) 10^-6 0.000001 |
|
|
Prefix: nano |
n 10^-9 0.000000001 |
|
|
Prefix: pico |
p 10^-12 0.000000000001 |
|
|
Prefix: femto |
f 10^-15 0.000000000000001 |
|
|
Prefix: atto |
a 10^-18 0.000000000000000001 |
|
|
Density formula |
D=M/V |
|
|
T/F all nonzero digits are significant |
True |
|
|
T/F interior zeroes are significant |
True |
|
|
T/F leading zeros are significant |
False |
|
|
When are trailing zeros significant? |
Significant after a decimal point Significant if after a nonzero and before a decimal point Ambiguous if before an implied decimal point: ex: 1200 |
|
|
Rule of significant figures for multiplication or division |
Result has the same number of significant figures as the factor with the fewest significant figures |
|
|
Rule of significant figures for addition or subtraction |
Result has the same number of decimal places as the factor with the fewest decimal places |
|
|
Accuracy |
how close the measured value is to the actual value |
|
|
Precision |
how close a series of measurements are to one another, how reproducible they are |
