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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reaction catalyzed by:
carboylase |
addition of a carboxylate
(-COO-) |
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Reaction catalyzed by:
decarboxylase |
removal of carbon dioxide
CO2 |
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Reaction catalyzed by:
dehydrogenase |
removal of two hydrogen atoms
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Reaction catalyzed by:
Isomerase |
Isomerization of one isomer to another
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Reaction catalyzed by:
Kinase |
Transfer of a phosphate
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Which type of reaction pathway is utilized in glycolysis?
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anaerobic pathway
linear |
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Where does glycolysis take place?
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cytoplasm
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What goes into glycolysis?
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glucose
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What comes out of glycolysis?
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2 ATP
2 NADH 2 pyruvate |
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Is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic?
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anaerobic
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What are the three most abundant monosaccharides found in our diet?
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glucose
fructose galactose |
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What are two possible things that can happen to pyruvate in a human?
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it can be converted to lactate or acetyl CoA
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Under what conditions is pyruvate converted to lactate and why does this happen?
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when tissue is deprived of oxygen like during a heart attack
lactate bulids up during strenous exercise too |
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What symptoms result when lactate concentration increases in muscle tissue?
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soreness and cramping
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How many ATP molecules are formed from one molecule of glucose as it goes through glycolysis?
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5 ATP
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How many ATP molecules are formed when pyruvate is converted to acetate?
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5 ATP
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How many ATP molecules are formed when one molecule of glucose is completely catabolized?
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30 ATP
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Where does beta oxidation of fatty acids occur?
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mitochondria
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How many ATP molecules are formed when one molecule of a fatty acid undergoes complete catabolization?
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1st step- count carbon atoms
n/2-1= time 4 2nd step- n/2 = times 10 add those up then - 2 equals number of ATP |
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Which type of reaction pathway is utilized in beta oxidation of fatty acids?
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spiral pathway
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When are ketone bodies generated?
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when acetyl CoA levels exceed the capacity of the citric acid cylce
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Explain why someone who is diabetic has an increase in the level of ketone bodies in their blood when their insulin levels are low.
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glucose is unavailable or cannot pass into a cell for use as fuel then ketone bodies accumulate
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Resing muscles use what as a source of energy
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fat
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muscle in an active state uses primarily what as a souce of energy and what as a source of fuel
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energy: glucose
fuel: fat |
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Liver uses what as a primary fuel
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fat
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The brain uses what as a primary fuel
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glucose
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Low intensity exersise burns more fat per unit than...
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high intesity exercise
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