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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is crude oil? |
Non renewable resource Mixture of a large number of compounds (mainly hydrocarbons) |
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General formula for allanes? |
CnH2n+2 |
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What are alkanes |
Hydrocarbons with only single carbon-carbon bonds |
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Why are alkanes called saturated hydrocarbons |
No more hydrogen atoms can be added |
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Order of alkanes? |
Methane Ethane Propane Butane |
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Properties as molecules get longer |
Higher boiling point Higher viscosity Less flammable Less volatile |
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What do hydrocarbons produce when they burn |
Carbon dioxide + water |
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How to test for CO2? |
Bubble through limewater Will go cloudy if CO2 present |
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What is produced during incomplete combustion |
Carbon monoxide |
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Why is carbon monoxide dangerous |
Binds to haemoglobin instead of oxygen binding |
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What is cracking |
Breaking down long chains of alkanes into shorter chains of alkanes and alkenes |
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What is cracking |
Breaking down long chains of alkanes into shorter chains of alkanes and alkenes |
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What are alkenes |
Hydrocarbons with a double carbon-carbon bond |
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What is cracking |
Breaking down long chains of alkanes into shorter chains of alkanes and alkenes |
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What are alkenes |
Hydrocarbons with a double carbon-carbon bond |
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Formula for alkenes? |
CnH2n |
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Why is cracking done? |
Higher demand for these shorter chains as they are more useful |
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What happens during catalytic cracking |
Catalyst into testtube containing the liquid hydrocarbon HEATED STRONGLY hydrocarbon evaporates, passes over the catalyst Longer chains - shorter chains |
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What happens during catalytic cracking |
Catalyst into testtube containing the liquid hydrocarbon HEATED STRONGLY hydrocarbon evaporates, passes over the catalyst Longer chains - shorter chains |
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What is steam cracking |
Hydrocarbon mixed with steam then heated Long chains break down into smaller chains |
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Testing between alkanes and alkenes? |
Bromine water, shake tube - if alkane: no change, stays orange - if alkene: changes, orange to colourless |
