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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chemical Bond
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A mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together.
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Ionic Bonding
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Chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and anions.
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Covalent Bonding
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results from the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms.
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NonPolar-Covalent Bond
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A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced equation.
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Polar
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Bonds that have an uneven distribution of charge.
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Polar-Covalent Bonding
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A covalent bond in which the atoms have an unequal attraction for the shared electrons.
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Molecule
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A neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds.
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Molecular Compound
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A chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules.
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Chemical Formula
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Indicates the relative numbers of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts.
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Molecular Formula
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Shows the types and numbers of atoms combined in a single molecule of a molecular compound.
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Diatomic Molecule
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A molecule containing only two atoms.
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Bond Length
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The distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy, that is, the average distance betweem two bonded atoms.
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Bond Energy
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This is the energy required to break a chemical bond and form a neutral isolated atoms.
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Octet Rule
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Chemical compounds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing or sharing electrons has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level.
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Electron Dot Notation
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An electron-configuration notation in which only the valence electrons of an atom of a particular element are shown, indicated by dots placed around the element's symbol.
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Unshared Pair
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a.k.a. Lone Pair. This is a pair of electons that is not involved in bonding and that belongs exclusively to one atom.
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Lewis Structures
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Formulas in which atomic symbols represent nuclei and inner-shell electrons, dot-pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent electron pairs in covalent bonds, and dots adjacent to only one atomic symbol represent unshared electrons.
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Structural Formula
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Indicates the kind, number, arrangement, and bonds but not the unshared pairs of the atoms in a molecule.
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Single Bond
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A covalent bond produced by the sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms.
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Double Bond
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A covalent bond produced by the sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms.
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Triple Bond
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A covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms.
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Multiple Bonds
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Double and triple bonds are referred to as MULTIPLE BONDS.
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Resonance Structures
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a.k.a. Resonance Hybrids. Refers to bonding in molecules or ions that cannot be correctly represented be a single Lewis Structure. This is indicated by a double arrow. <--->.
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Ionic Compound
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A composition of positive and negative ions that are combined so that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal.
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Formula Unit
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The simplest collection of atoms from which and ionic compund's formula can be established.
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Lattice Energy
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The energy released when one mole of an ionic crystalline compound is formed from gaseous ions.
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Polyatomic Ion
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A charged group of covalently bonded atoms.
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