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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Inorganic compounds
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All chemical compounds except those based upon chains or rings of carbon atoms
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organic compounds
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compounds based upon chains or rings of carbon atoms
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physical law
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fact established by many experiments and observations
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law of conservation of mass
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total mass of reactants=total mass of products
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law of constant composition
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any chemical compound is made of a definite combined proportion of elements
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Dalton's Theory (Three Main things)
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Elements' atoms are indestructible except nuclearly.
Atoms differ between elements, but are similar(excluding isotopes) for a given element. Atoms unite in whole numbers ratios to form chemical compounds. |
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Law of Multiple Proportions
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If two elements, A and B, combine to form more than one chemical compound, the masses of b that combine with a given mass of A are in the ration of small whole numbers.
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Mass(proton) is equal to what?
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Mass(Neutron)
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Mass(Proton) + Mass(Neutron)=
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Mass(Electron)
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Atomic Number
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Atomic Number (Z) of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus .
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Mass Number
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Mass Number (A) protons and neutrons added.......A=Z+Neutrons
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Isotopes
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atoms of the same element but with different mass
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What is the lightest of all known atoms and has not neutrons
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protium
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Percent natural abundance of isotopes is based on the # of atoms.....
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CL-37 (24.47%) means 24.47 Cl-37 atoms per 100 atoms
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Ion
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produced by adding or removing one or more electrons from an atom or molecule
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Atom + Electrons =
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monoatomic anion
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Atom - Electrons =
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monoatomic cation
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Molecule + Electrons
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polyatomic anion
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Molecule - Electrons
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Polyatomic cation
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Ions are formed....
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when metals combine with nonmetals
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Three Types of Compound
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Molecular, Network Ionic, Network Covalent
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Chemical Compound->Elements->
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empirical formula
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Molecular Substance->(made of)
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molecules
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Network Ionic Compound->(made of)
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Ions-> Ionic Unit Formula
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Network Covalent Substance->
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Atoms-> Atomic Unit Formula
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Empirical Formula
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ratio of atoms to elements in a compound
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Molecular Formula
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an actual molecule of an element or compound, ex O(small 2)
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Ionic unit formula
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smallest electrically neutral collection of ions of a network ionic compound
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Atomic Unit formula
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relative number of atoms of each element
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Stereochemcial formula
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same info as structural formula and gives the arrangement in space
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