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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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synthesis reaction |
two simple substances are combined to create one or more complex substances A+B= AB |
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decomposition reaction |
complex substance broken down into two or more simple substances AB= A+B |
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single displacement reaction |
when an element (usually a metal) reacts with an ionic compound and replaces either the cation or the anion in said compound (start and end with one element and compound) AB + C = AC + B |
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double displacement reaction |
when two ionic compounds react and the two elements (usaully anions) switch places AB+CD=AD+CB |
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hydrocarbon combustion reactions |
when a hydrocarbon (CXHY) is burned (in oxygen) to produce water and carbon dioxide |
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neutralization reaction |
A specialized type of double displacement reactions where an acid and a base react to produce an ionic compound ('a salt') and water |
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balanced equations |
when coefficients are found for each component in a chemical equation to confirm the conservation of mass |
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pH |
scale ranging from O (very acidic) to 14 (very basic) with 7 as (neutral), when moving away from 7 a substance becomes 10x more basic/acidic |
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acids |
usually identified by chemical formula starting with H (ex. HCl) |
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bases |
can usually be identified by chemical formula containing OH (ex. Mg(OH)2) |
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neutralization by volume |
combining the same volume of a base and acid will neutralize the substances if they have the same concentration ex. 100mL of HCl pH4 and 100mL of NaOH ph10 = 200mL of pH7 |
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conservation of mass |
theory of mass that states amount in=amount out |
