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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Light? |
* A form of electromagnetic radiation * A type of energy that travels through space at a constant speed * Light is both a wave and a particle * Not matter * Pure energy |
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What is a Wavelength? |
The distance between two adjacent wave crests in a light wave |
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What shell in an atom has the most energy and why? |
The outermost shell (valence shell) has the most energy because the electrons in the valence shell are the farthest from the nucleus |
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What kind of shell do you get when your valence shell is full? |
* Happy atoms * Non-reactive * Stable |
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What kind of shell do you get when your valence shell is NOT full? |
* Unhappy atoms * Reactive * Unstable |
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The shorter the Wavelength... |
The higher the energy |
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What is the highest energy/light spectrum the human eye can see? |
Violet (shorter wavelength) |
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What is the lowest energy/light spectrum the human eye can see? |
Red (longer wavelength) |
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What is a Photon? |
A particle of light |
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What is Frequency? |
The number of cycles or crests that pass through a fixed point in one second.
Frequency = waves/second |
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List the Electromagnetic Spectrum from longest wavelength to shortest. |
Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared Radiation, Ultraviolet Radiation, X-rays and Gamma Rays |
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What is the Bohr Model? |
Bohr believed that electrons travel around the nucleus is circular orbits at specific, fixed distances. There are no half steps on the Bohr, or Quantized, Ladder. |
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When energy is put into an atom... |
The electrons are excited into higher-energy orbits. |
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When an electrons falls from a higher-energy orbit... |
The atom emits light. |
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What is the Quantum Mechanical Model? |
The probability map showing the likelihood of an electron being found at various locations when the atom is probed. |
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What are the subshell letters of the Quantum Mechanical Model? |
S (=2) P (=6) D (=10) F (=14) |
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What letter(s) specified subshells fall into the N = 1 shell? |
S |
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What letter(s) specified subshells fall into the N = 2 shell? |
S & P |
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What letter(s) specified subshells fall into the N = 3 shell? |
S, P & D |
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What letter(s) specified subshells fall into the N = 4 shell? |
S, P, D & F |
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The higher the principal, or N, shell, the higher the... |
Energy |
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How many electrons do each of the S, P, D & F subshells hold? |
S = 2 P = 6 D = 10 F = 14 |
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What is the Orbital Filling Order? |
1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2 3P6 4S2 3D10 4P6 5S2 4D10 5P6 6S2 4F14 5D10 6P6 5F14 6D10 6F14 |
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What groups in the periodic table make up the S-block elements? |
Groups 1A and 2A (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals) |
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What groups in the periodic table make up the D-block elements? |
Groups 3B through 8B and 1B & 2B (Transition metals) |
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What groups in the periodic table make up the P-block elements? |
Groups 3A through 7A |
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What is Atomic Size? |
The distance between the outermost electrons and the nucleus |
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As you go across the periodical table, left to right, what happens to Atomic Size? |
It decreases |
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As you go down the periodical table, top to bottom, what happens to Atomic Size? |
It increases |
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What is ionization energy? |
The amount of energy needed to remove an electron from the atom in a gaseous state. |
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As you go across the periodical table, left to right, what happens to Ionization Energy? |
It takes more Ionization Energy to remove electrons |
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As you go down the periodical table, top to bottom, what happens to Ionization Energy? |
It takes less Ionization Energy to remove electrons |
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As you go across the periodical table, left to right, what happens to Metallic Character? |
It decreases |
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As you go down the periodical table, top to bottom, what happens to Metallic Character? |
It increases |
