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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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WHAT DO ENZYMES END WITH
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ASE
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WHAT DO CHOS END WITH
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OSE
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DEFINE CHO'S
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Most abundant, organic, biological molecule, compound on earth and in the plant world
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4 FUNCTIONS OF CHOS
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1. Storehouse of chemical energy
2. Structural component for support 3. Provide energy through oxidation 4. Supply carbon for synthesis of the cell |
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EXPLAIN WHY CHO'S CAN BE SOULABLE
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CHO'S THAT ARE USED FOR ENERGY SOURCES LIKE SIMLPE SUGARS
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CLASSIFY CHO'S AS INSOUABLE
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THESES CHO'S ARE USED FOR STRUCTURE AND HAVE STRUCTURAL FEATURES EXAMPLE CELLULOSE FOUND IN PLANTS TO HELP FORM TREE TRUNKS
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NAME 3 WATER SOULABLE CHO'S THAT ARE USED FOR ENERGY
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GLUCOSE
STARCH AND GLYCOGEN |
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NAME I INSOULABLE CHO
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CELLULOSE THAT GOUND IN PLANTS THAT HELP FORM TREE TRUNKS
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Three classes of CHO’s
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Monosaccharides
Oligosaccharides Polysaccharides |
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Carbohydrates are based on four classifications
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1.
Based on the number of saccharide units 2.Based on the position of the (C=O) groups 3. Based on the number of carbon 4. Based on the reducing property |
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WHAT IS MONSACCARIDE
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SIMPLE SUGARS THAT ARE POLYHYDROXY KETONE OR ALDEHYDE
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MONO HAS WHAT
OLIGA POLY HAS |
ONE SUGAR
FEW 2-20 SUGARS MORE THAN 2O UNITS |
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NAME SIMPLE SUGARS
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GLUCOSE, DEXTOSE, GRAPE SUGAR, BLOOD SURGAR
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HOW IS GLUCOSE STORED
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AS GLYCOGEN
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Disaccharides
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Consist of two monosaccharide units
Linked together by a covalent bond GLYCOSIDIC BONDS (e.g., sucrose) |
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WHAT IS GLYCOSIDIC BONDS
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BONDS BETWEEN SUGARS
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Oligosaccharides
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Contain from 3 to 10 monosaccharide units
SHORT CHAINS OF MONOSACCHARIDS JOINED BY GLYCOSIDIC BONDS HAS 3 OR MORE UNITS |
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WHAT ARE 3 OR MORE SUGARS ATTACHED TO
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PROTIENS OR LIPIDS
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POLYSACCHARDIES
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SUGAAR POLYMER OF MORE THAN 2O UNITS LINKED TOGETHER THAT ARE LINNER (STRAIGHT) OR BRANCHED
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NAME 3 EXAMPLES OF POLYSACCHARDS
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CELLULOSE
GLYCOGEN STARCH |
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Based on the position of the (C=O) groups
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Aldose if terminally located (beginning)
Ketose if centrally located |
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Based on the number of carbon
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The presence of an aldehyde is indicated by the prefix aldo- and a ketone by the prefix keto-
No. of Class of carbons Monosaccharide 3 triose 4 tetrose 5 pentose 6 hexose |
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Based on reducing property
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Reducing sugars (all mono-sacs)
Non-reducing sugars (sucrose) |
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5 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
OF MONOSACCHARIEDE |
1. SWEET TASTE
2. SOLID AT ROOM TEMP' 3. EXTREMEL SOULABLE IN WATER 4. PRESENCE OF LARRGE NUMBERS OF oh GROUPS MAKES IT MORE WATER SOLUBLE 5. GLUCOSE CAN DISSOLVE IN MINUTE AMOUNTS OF WATER |
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POLYSACCHARIDEDS HAVE WHAT KINDS OF BONDS
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LINNER, STRAIGHT OR BRANCHED
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3 KINDS OF POLYSACCHARIDES
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LARGE SUGAR POLYMERS OF GLUCOSE THAT IS STARCH, GLYCOGEN AND CELLULOSE
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