Chem

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Water Purification

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It is a process by which undesiredchemical compounds, organic andinorganic materials, and biologicalcontaminants are removed fromwater.

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Boiling

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It the a process by which a liquid turns into avapor when it is heated to its boiling point.The simplest method to purify water.

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Purifiers

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There are several chemical purifiers in themarket such as (iodine, chlorine, potassiumpermaganate, or halazone tablets).

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(iodine, chlorine, potassiumpermaganate, or halazone tablets

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• There are several chemical purifiers in themarket such as

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Filters

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Anything that remove any amount ofparticles, sediment, bacteria, and thechlorine taste.

Most work by pushing the water througha charcoal or ceramic filter and thenchemically treating it.

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Charcoal Carbon Filters

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Primitive Methods

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techniques for serioussurvivalists (or the unlucky person who wascaught unprepared).• One is filtering through soil or, preferably,sand. Keep rinsing the water repeatedly.

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Distilling

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a method that canbe used for either collectingwater or gathering freshwater out of salt water

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Water Treatment

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ls any process that improvesthe quality of water to makeit more acceptable for aspecific end-use,

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Coagulation and flocculation

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the first steps in water treatment.

Chemicals with a positive chargeare added to the water. The positive charge of these chemicals neutralizes the negative charge of dirt and other dissolved particles in the water

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Floc

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the partícles bind with the chemicals and form larger particles

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Sedimentation

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floc settles to the bottom of the water supply, due to its weight

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Filtration

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the clear water on top will passthrough filters of varying compositions

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Disinfection

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After the water has been filtered, adisinfectant (for example, chlorine,chloramine) may be added in order to kill anyremaining parasites, bacteria, and viruses,and to protect the water from germs when itis piped to homes and businesses.

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WATER TREATMENT

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COAGULATION

STORAGE

SEDIMENTATION

FILTRATION

DISINFECTION

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WATER QUALITY

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Describe the condition of the waterincluding chemical, physical, andbiological characteristics, usually with respect to its suitability for a particular purpose such as drinking or swimming

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PH

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is a measure of the acid content ofthe water.

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Dissolved Oxygen DO

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measure the amountof life sustaining oxygen dissolved in the water.

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Tubidity

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is a measure of the disperssion of light in a column of water due to suspended matter.

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TEMPERATURE OF WATER

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is basically important becauseit effects bio-chemical reactions in aquatic organisms.

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BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND BOD

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is a direct measurement of quality of oxygen needed for biodegradable of organic matter and indirect measurement of quantity of biodegradable of organic matter is added in the water.

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Chemical Oxygen Demand

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is amountof oxygen needed for oxidation of organic matterpresent in water.