Chem 102 Coll

Front 1

Solutions

Back 1

2 parts
solute
solvent

Front 2

Solute

Back 2

Material Present in lesser amount- being dissolved

Front 3

Solvent

Back 3

greater amount- does the dissoving

Front 4

Aqueous Solution

Back 4

Water is the solvent

Front 5

Saturated Solution

Back 5

The max. amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temp. (solubility

Front 6

Super Saturated Solution

Back 6

More amount of a solute than there normally is at a given temp.

Front 7

Crystallization

Back 7

When an excess solute comes out of a solution it crysatllizes

Front 8

Unsaturated Solution

Back 8

Less solute than there normally is at a temp.

Front 9

Missable

Back 9

Mixing liquids in all proportions

Front 10

Immissable

Back 10

Liquids that do not dissolve in one another-

Front 11

Immissibility caused by:

Back 11

a difference in polarity of substances being mixed

Front 12

Raising the temp of solids

Back 12

increases solubility

Front 13

Raising temp of gas + solid

Back 13

solubility decreases

Front 14

Caligative Properties

Back 14

When solvent is contaminated with a solute

Front 15

Raising temp of liquid

Back 15

raises vapor pressure

Front 16

Non- Electrolyte

Back 16

When put in water does NOT conduct electricity

Front 17

Electrolyte

Back 17

When put in water DOES conduct electricity

Front 18

Reverse Osmosis

Back 18

Force water through semi-permeable membrane by high force reduces the amount of minerals in water

Front 19

Nature of Chem.Reactions

Back 19

Diff. Substances under same conditions react at diff times

Front 20

Concentratiion of starting material (of reactants)

Back 20

increasing concentration makes reactants react faster

Front 21

Temp. Chem. reactions

Back 21

Raising temp causes rate of reaction to increase

Front 22

Subdivision

Back 22

ability of reactants to meet or come together

Front 23

Catalyst

Back 23

increases rate of reaction w/o itself being consumed or used up- at end of reaction remains unchanged

Front 24

Rate-Law Equation

Back 24

Deals w/ concentration of starting materials only.

Front 25

Collision Theory

Back 25

Need proper orientation
Need energy to cause bond to form or break- "Activation Energy"

Front 26

Reaction Mechanism

Back 26

steps involved in going from starting material to a product

Front 27

Slowest Reaction Mechanism step

Back 27

Rate Determining Step

Front 28

Catalized Energy is

Back 28

less than uncatalized

Front 29

Heterogeneous Catalyst

Back 29

2 phases- solid and liquid or gas

Front 30

Homogeneous Catalyst

Back 30

one phase- gas or liquid

Front 31

Enzymes

Back 31

cause normal chemical reactions in your body to happen at a lower temp or rate

Front 32

Dynamic Equilibrium

Back 32

things are still going on and have not stopped, but they are not going to change

Front 33

Kc=

Back 33

equilibrium constant

Front 34

Temp is always

Back 34

IN KELVINS!!!

Front 35

Kc >> 1

Back 35

Products favored

Front 36

Kc << 1

Back 36

Reactants Favored

Front 37

Kc = 1

Back 37

Systems are the same

Front 38

Le Chatelier's Principle

Back 38

If a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system will shift to relieve the stress

Front 39

Increase in pressure on gas

Back 39

volume decreases

Front 40

Increase pressure

Back 40

system shifts in direction w/ lesser of volumes

Front 41

**The only thing that Changes equilibrium value of a constant Kc is:

Back 41

TEMPERATURE!!

Front 42

Catalyst

Back 42

gets system to equilibrium faster, but doesn't affect shifting
gets to product faster

Front 43

Noble Gas

Back 43

Doesn't react w/ any ingredients in equilibrium
- has no effect on position of equilibrium