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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are some of the applications of chemistry?
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health and medicine
gene therapy energy and the environment materials and technology food and agriculture |
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macroscopic
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the material are in bulk, large scale form
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microcopic
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looking at the molecular level of a material
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the scientific method is what?
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a systematic approach to research
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what is a hypothesis?
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a tentative explanation for a set of observations
o Can be tested, then modified then tested and modified again until the explanation is a good representation of the data |
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what is a law?
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a concise statement of a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions.
ex. F=ma |
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what is a theory?
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a unifying principle that explains a body of facts and/or those laws that are based on them
ex. atomic theory |
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what is chemistry the study of?
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matter and the changes it undergoes
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what is matter?
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anything that occupies space and has mass
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what is a substance?
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a form of matter that has definite composition and distinct properties
o Ex. Liquid nitrogen (gas), gold ingots (solid), silicon crystals (solid) |
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what does physical means mean?
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used to separate a mixture into its pure components
ex. distillation, magnet |
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what is a compound?
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a substance of two or more elements
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what is an extensive property?
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it depends on how much matter is being considered
ex. mass, length, volume |
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what is an intensive property?
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it does not depend on how much matter is being considered
ex. density, temperature, color |
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Nomenclature rules
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HClO4
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perchloric acid
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HClO3
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chloric acid
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HClO2
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chlorous acid
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HClo
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hypochlorous acid
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ClO4-
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perchlorate
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ClO3-
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chlorate
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ClO2-
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chlorite
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ClO-
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hypochlorite
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bicarbonate
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HCO3-
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bisulfate or hydrogen sulfate
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HSO4-
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hydroxide
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OH-
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nitrate
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NO3-
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phosphate
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PO4 (3-)
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what is a polyatomic ion?
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an ion that contains more than one atom
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