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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers
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isotopes
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an element with properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals
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metalloid
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a stream of beta particles (electrons or positrons) emitted or absorbed from a nucleus
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beta (B) rays
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matter can be neither be created nor destroyed
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law of conservation of mass
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an aggregate of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by special forces
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molecule
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elements that are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity
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nonmetals
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a molecule that consists of more than two atoms
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polyatomic molecule
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the emmission and transmission of energy through space in the form of particles and/or waves
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radiation
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a subatomic particle that bears no net electric charge. its mass is slightly greater than a proton's mass
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neutron
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a chemical formula that indicates the actual numbers and kinds of atoms in a molecule
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molecular formula
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the spontaneous breakdown of an atom by emission of particles and/or radiation
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radioactivity
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an ion that contains more than one atom
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polyatomic ion
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compounds consisting of three elements
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ternary compounds
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an atom or group of atoms that has a net positive or negative charge
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ion
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electrons
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beta particles
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a horizontal row of the periodic table
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period
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a positively charged particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons, identical with the nucleus of the helium atom
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alpha particles
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compounds formed from just two elements
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binary compounds
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high energy radiation
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gamma (g) rays
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a chemical formula that shows how atoms are bonded to one another in a molecule
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structural formula
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an ion with a net positive charge
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cation
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a substance that yields hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water
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acid
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two or more forms of the same element that differ significantly in chemical and physical properties
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allotropes
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an ion with a net negative charge
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anion
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the basic unit of an element that can enter into chemical combination
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atom
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atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers
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isotopes
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an expression showing the chemical composition of a compound in terms of the symbols for the atoms of the elements involved
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chemical formula
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different samples of the same compound always contain its constituent elements in the same proportions by mass
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law of definite proportions
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elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity and have the tendency to form positive ions in ionic compounds
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metals
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an ion that contains only one atom
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monatomic ion
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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atomic number (z)
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nonmetallic elements in group 8A (HE, NE, KR, XE, and RN)
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noble gases
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the central core of an atom
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nucleus
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a subatomic particle with very low mass that carries a single negative electric charge
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electron
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compounds that have a specific number of water molecules attached to them
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hydrates
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an anion derived from an oxoacid
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oxoanion
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the elements in a vertical column of the periodic table
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family
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a stream of alpha particles
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alpha (A) rays
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an acid containing hydrogen, oxygen, and another element (the central element)
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oxoacid
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a molecule that consists of two atoms
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diatomic molecule
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the group 1A elements (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr)
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alkali metals
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a tabular arrangement of the elements
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periodic table
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a subatomic particle with a single positive electric charge. the mass of a proton is about 1840 times that of an electron
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proton
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the group 2A elements (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra)
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alkaline earth metals
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a substance capable of accepting or receiving a hydrogen ion from another substance
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base
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the elements in a vertical column of the periodic table
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group
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the nonmetallic elements in group 7A (F, Cl, Br, I, and At)
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halogens
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an element with properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals
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metalloid
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