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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Energy
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The potential or capacity to move matter
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Kenitic Energy
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the energy associated with an object by virtue of its motion
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Potential Energy
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the energy an object has by virtue of its position in a field of force
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Law of Conservation of Energy
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energy may be converted from one fomr to another but the total quantuty of energy remains constant
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Heat
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the energy that flows into or out of a system because of a difference in temperature between the thermodynamic system and its surroundings
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Exothermic Process
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a chemical reaction or a physical change in which heat is evolved
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Endothermic Reaction
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a chemical reaction or a physical change in which heat is absorbed
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Enthalpy
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an extensicve property of a substance that can be used to obtain the heat absorbed or evolved in a chemical reaction (H)
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State Function
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a prperty of a system that depends only on its present state, which is determined by variables such as temperature and pressure and is independant of any previous history of the system
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Enthalpy of Reaction
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the change in enthalpy for a reactio at a given temperature and pressure
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Heat Capacity
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the quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of the sample of substance one degree Celsius
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Specific Heat
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the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius at constant pressure
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Standard Enthalpy of Formation
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is the enthalpy change for the formation of one mole of te substnace in its standard state from its elements in their reference form and in their standard states
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Fuel
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any substance that is burned or similiarly reacted to provide heat and other forms of energy
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Wavelength
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the distance between any two adjacent identical points of a wave
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Frequency
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the number of wavelengths of that wave that pass a fixed point in one unit of time
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Planck's Constant
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a physical constant with the value 6.63 x 10^-34
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
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the range of wavelengths or frequencies of electromagnetic radiation
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Atomic Orbital
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a wave function for an elctron in an atom
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Principal Quantum Number (n)
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this quantum number is the one on which the energy of an electron in an atom principally depends; it can have any positive value 1,2,3 and so on
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Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l)
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this quantum number distinguishes orbitals of given n having different shapes; it can have any integar value from 0 to n-1
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Magnetic Quantum Number (m^l)
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this quantium number distinguishes oritals of given n and l that is of given energy and shape but having a different orientation in space; allowed values are the integers from -l to +l
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Spin Quantum Number (m^s)
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this quantum number refers to the two possible orientations of the spin axis of an electron; possible values or 1/2 and -1/2
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Hund's Rule
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states that the lowest-energy arrangement of electron in a subshell is obtained by putting electrons into seperate orbitals of the subshell with the same spin before pairing electrons
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