Charts

Front 1

sodium (natremia)

Back 1

-136-145
-helps maintain acid base balance, activate nerve and musle , aldosterone increases abs. of NA by kidney, ECF cation
-Hypo - sleepiness weakness, behaviour changes, Water intoxication. Treat with fluid restriction.
-Hyper - dehydrated, thirst. Treat w/ pushing fluids

Front 2

chloride

Back 2

-98-106
-maintain ECF anion, passive trans. follows NA+.
-Hypo- hypoventalation, resletness, confusion. Treat with NaCl
-Hyper- hyperventatliation to blow off excess carbon dioxide, hypotension. Treat by giving iv fluids, give sodium bicarb, monior resp. patterns

Front 3

potassium (calemia)

Back 3

-3.5- 5
-Main ICF cation, regulates cell excitablity for musc. cont., NA/K pump, ICF osmolality
-Hypo (low)- muscles weakness, cramps, fatigue, postural hypotension (change pos. bp drops), constipation, *EKG changes and arrithmias *, Confusion. Treat with replacing K orally or iv..
-Hyper-(high) EKG chagnes and arr., hyperactive bowel sounds, tingling of extremeities, fatigue, mental confusion. Treat with Kayexealte (binds to k and leaves body), insulin, dialysis, goal is to increase excretion and move the K into cells.

Front 4

calcium (calcemia)

Back 4

-9-10.5 / 4.5-5.6 (ionized free serum)
-*Muscles Sedative*, inverse to Phos., major cation for bones and teeth, aids in coagulation
-Hypo- confusion, convulsions, *hyperreflexia (tense refelx)*. Treat- d/c meds to lower ca, treat causes
-Hyper- Constipation, weakness, lathargy, *muscles sedated*. Treat- d/c ca++ meds, treat causes

Front 5

phosphorus

Back 5

-3-4.5
-inverse to Ca
-Hypo- reduced oxy. trans by RBCs, hypoxia, bradycardia. Treat w/ phosh. salts.
-Hyper- resembles hypocalcemia. Treat treat cuases, dialysis, albumin hydroxside binds.

Front 6

magnesium

Back 6

-1.3-2.1
-muscle sedative **, ICF cation, 40 60 % Mag. in bones, important in nerve impulse trans.
-muscles twitching, musc. irratible swallowing diff. Treat- Give Po or MG iv
-Hyper- muscles weakness. Treat- monitor cardiac and reps. status