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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the body form of the Fungi? |
Filamentous, but sometimes unicellular. (Hypae=filaments) |
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Where do filamentous fungi prefer to grow? |
In cool, dry environments. Warm/moist supports unicellular |
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What is mycelium? |
A disorganized mass of hyphae fungi |
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How do fungi acquire nutrition? |
Heterotrophic, by absorption of organic molecules, amino acids, nucleotides, and sugars and break down nutrients via extracellular digestion |
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The cell wall of fungi is made up of what substances? |
Chitin, which is a nitrogenated polymer of glucose, and has a similar Beta 1-4 bond to cellulose |
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What two groups are coenocytic, and what does coenocytic imply? |
Zygomycetes and ascomycetes are the primitive form, and the haploid nuclei of the fungi are not separated by a membrane |
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Basidomycetes and deuteromycetes are septate, meaning that they have what body form? |
The nuclei of the organism are separated by a membrane |
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Fungus is pleiomorphic, meaning that it |
ljh |
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Fungi can be saprobic, parasitic or mutualistic, give an example of each. |
Decomposers, ring worm(infections), and relationships with roots and lichens |
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What is plasmogomy? |
Buds from two hyphae meet and non-motile gametes from each form a secondary hyphae and a 2N zygote, which will immediately undergo meiotic division |
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How do mushrooms and fungi reproduce? |
Through plasmogomy, in which two monokaryotic hyphae meeting through buds and spores |
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What are the two body forms of Sac Fungi? |
Vegetative Mycelium(underground), and a cup-shaped sporocarp. Yeast are Unicellular |
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Vegetative reproduction of fungi occurs by what process in Sac Fungi? |
A Conidia forms, in which branches form and produce spores asexually |
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Sexual reproduction of sac fungi forms a _____________. |
pseudoparanchymous ascocarp (like in the Peziza). The cells of the ascocarp produce ascospores. The asci forms a zygote, spores and the fertile layer. |
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Some sac fungi are Edible, some are harmful and some cause disease, give an example of each. |
Edible- Truffles, aspergillious (bleu cheese), Yeast Harmful- Histoplasmosis, Pulmonary Medicine- Penicillian, Ergot (for childbirth) |
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What compound used in industrial biology and food production is a result of fungi? |
Citric Acid |
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What separates Club Fungi from Sac Fungi? |
The club fungi reproduce through a basidiocarp, rather than a ascocarp, and form basidiospores. |
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Basidiomycita are __________ evolutionarily advanced than sac fungi (acsomycates). |
More |
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The ______________ is the part of the Club fungi we can see. |
Basidiocarp |
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What process takes place in ascomycates, but not basidiomycates? |
Asexual Reproduction, the spores of ascocarps are internal, as compared to external spores in Basidiocarps |
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Sterigmata serve what purpose in Basidiomycate reproduction? |
They support the spores and ensure their separation from the mother plant until they are to be released to fertilize with a different plant |
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Which club fungi are edible? Which can be used for antibiotics? |
Agaricus (the common mushroom), lentinus ( the shitake mushroom) Cyathus-antibiotics |
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What is unique about the armillaria melea? |
they glow in the dark, and are known as the Honey Mushroom |
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Which basidiomycates are harmful, and why? |
The aminita muscaria produces alkaline compounds, and can cause hallucination; the aminita verna produces incredibly lethal neurotoxins |
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What are micorrhizae? |
The mutualistic relationship between plant roots and fungi, In which the fungi provides the roots with PO3 (for ATP, amino acids, nucleotides, and membranes) and other nutrients |
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Zygomycates invade roots, and are known as what? |
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae. |
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Ectomycorrizhae can be found in what location? |
In between cells of Basidiomycates |
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Most plants in the tropics depend on ___________ for nutrients. |
Mycorrizhae. |
