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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lock and Key mechanism |
ag binding site of ab is uniquely designed to recognize a corresponding ag |
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hemagglutination |
*clumping of rbc due to ag::ab interactions *can also be due to microbes and viruses |
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Intermolecular binding forces |
*electrostatic/ionic bonding *hydrogen bonding *Van der Waals Forces *hydrophobic |
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affinity |
strength at which a single ag::ab bond together |
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avidity |
used to express the binding strength of a multivalent ag (how much its going to stay) |
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specificity |
*affinity of an ab to ag for which it's directed *specific rxn *cross reaction *no reaction |
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Valency |
the # of ag binding sites on an ab molecule |
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host factors |
*nutritional status *hormones *genetics *age *race *exercise level *disease *injury |
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tolerance |
*lack of an immune response or an active immunosuppressive response *i.e. chimera, RhIG |
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blood samples req'd |
EDTA preferred *clot tubes (no separator, not ok for DAT or elution) |
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factors that influence agglutination rxn |
*centrifugation *ag??ab ratio *pH *temp *immunoglobulin type *enhancement media *time |
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centrifuation |
*enhances agglutination rxn by using gravitational force to dec the zeta potential |
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ag::ab rations |
want zone of equivalence *prozone-excess ab *postzone-excess ag |
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pH |
*optimum range 6.5-7.5 *exceptions: antim-M, Anti-Pr |
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Temp |
IgM-22C IgG-37C |
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IgMs (immediate spin phase) |
*ABH *li *MN *lewis *Lu P |
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IgG (antiglobulin phase 37C) |
*Ss *kell *Rh *Lu *duffy *kidd |
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Enhancement media |
colloidal sub (albumin, PEG) *Low ionic strength soln (LISS, Lo-ion) *enzymes |
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IgG |
*gamma heavy chain *can cross placenta 80% of igg
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IgG/IgM sed coefficient |
6.7/19 |
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IgG/IgM MW |
150/900 |
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IgG/IgM 1/2 life |
21/5 |
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IgG/IgM carb content |
2.2-3.5/7-14 |
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IgG/IgM complement fixation |
+/++++ |
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IgG/IgM heavy chain allotypes |
Gm/none |
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IgM |
*Mu heavy chain *6% total igg |
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IgG1 |
*65-70% total IgG *++ complement fixation *+++bind to mac Fc Receptors
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IgG2 |
*23-28% total IgG *+ complement fixation *++ bind to mac Fc receptors |
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IgG3 |
*4-7% total IgG *+++ complement fixation *+++bind to mac Fc receptors *1/2 life of 7-8 |
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IgG4 |
*3-4% total IgG
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adv of polyconal |
*more than one epitope per ag |
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disadv of polyconal |
*may not pick up slight variation |
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polyclonal |
*ab from different clones |
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monoclonal |
*ab from single clone |
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alloantibody |
*produced after exposure to genetically different, or non self ag |
