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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many skeletal muscles |
600 |
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Muscle structure |
Fibers, fascia, tendos |
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Muscle function |
motor nerves and muscle fiber are a motor unit |
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Isotonic (dynamic) |
Movement of a body part at a joint |
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Isometric (static) |
Uses muscle tension but involves no movement |
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Isokinetic |
Performed at a constant velocity |
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Isometric Action |
Actions are static and involve no movement |
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Concentric Action |
Muscle shortens during movement against gravity or resistance |
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Eccentric Action (negative work) |
Muscle lengthens during movement against gravity or resistance |
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Slow - Twitch Fibers |
Contract slowly Generate little force but are resistant to fatigue |
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Fast - Twitch Fibers |
Contract quickly Generate lot of force, but fatigue quickly |
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Intermediate Fibers |
contract rapidly, produce great force, and resist fatigue |
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Fiber Recruitment |
Process involving more muscle fivers to increase muscle force |
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Muscular Strength test |
One - repetition maximum (1RM) test |
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Muscular Endurance Test |
Push-up test Sit-up or curl-up test |
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Progressive Reactance Exercise (PRE) |
Application of overload principle Progressively increase amount of resistance in the training |
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Specificity of Training |
Development is specific to - muscle group being exercised - training intensity |
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High Intensity |
training increases muscle size and strength |
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Low Intensity |
training increases endurance |
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Obesity for men |
25% body fat |
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Obesity for Women |
35% body fat |
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Android Pattern of Obesity |
fat is primarily stored in upper body and around the waist Most common in men Greater risk of developing heart disease and diabetes |
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Gynoid Pattern of Obesity |
Fat is primarily stored in waist, hips and thighs Most common in women |
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Assessing Body Composition [Field Methods] |
Height/weight tables Body mass index (BMI) Skinfolds test Waist measurement and waist-to-hip ratio |
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Assessing Body Composition [Laboratory Measures] |
Dual energy X-ray absorpitometry (DXA) Hydrostatic weighing Air displacement Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) |
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Flexibillity |
Full range of motion of a joint |
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Dynamic Stretching |
Fluid, controlled motion of joint through full rang of motion (ROM) Increases blood flow to muscles/joints Increases neuromuscular activity between CNS and PNS |
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Ballistic Stretching |
Rapid, forceful, bouncing movements More likely to cause injury |
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Static Streching |
Goal is increases flexibility and recover from exercise most effective method to increase flexibility at end of exercise not prior to exercise Slow lengthening muscles, held for flexed periods |
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Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) |
Series of motion combining stretching with contraction and relation of muscles |
