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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plum Book Jobs |
The prez picks who he wants to work with, he takes all the higher profile jobs available and fills them
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GS Rating
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Your ranking within the federal bureaucracy, jobs and pay scale determined by your rating
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Americans dislike bureaucrats
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Myth: individuals are well-liked
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Bureaucracies get bigger each year
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Myth/truth: public jobs grow, but not federal jobs
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Most bureaucrats work in Washington
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Myth: they work all over the globe
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Bureaucrats are ineffective
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They work hard and receive no praise, when they work poorly they are given **** |
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Bureaucrats deliver services Americans can't seem to live without
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Truth
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Patronage
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Jobs and promotions awarded for political reasons, not merit
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Pendleton Civil Service Act
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Passed so jobs and promotions are awarded on merit
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Office of Personnel Management |
Hires employees for new agencies |
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Senior Executive Service |
Elite group of 9,000 federal government managers at the top of the civil service system |
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Independent Regulatory Commissions |
Responsible for making and enforcing rules to protect public interest in the sector of the economy and setting disputes over these rules |
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Policy implementation |
Making the policy and setting up the consequences of disobeying this policy, turning the goals and ideas into policies and an ongoing program |
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Program Design |
It's a flawed program in general, with contradictory statements or faulty planning |
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Lack of Clarity |
Congress did not explain well enough what they wanted to happen in the policy of the agency |
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Lack of Resources |
Congress is not willing to provide money or other things and no one else is willing to pay for them out of their own pocket |
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Lack of Authority |
They do not have enough people to enforce the new policy or the enforcers are lazy and do not do their jobs |
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Same Administrative Routines |
The agencies continue to use the same SOPs that will not help in that particular policy, they are not changed and can slow everything down |
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Standard Operating Procedures |
help save time and solves everything in a uniform way |
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Administrative Discretion |
People who create a policy have authority over it and it cuts down regulations, but once off regulation, the authoritative person might have a bias leading to unequal treatment towards others |
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Privatization |
Contractors that provide services or resources to others, but the quality is just as good as federal quality |
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Deregulation |
Lifting government restrictions because they can raise prices, hurt America's competitive position abroad, and fail to work well |
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President controlling the bureaucracy |
Appointing certain people to certain agencies, issuing executive orders, altering an agency's budget, and reorganizing an agency |
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Congress controlling the bureaucracy |
Influencing appointments, altering an agency's budget, holding hearings, rewriting the legislation or making it more detailed |
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Fragmentation |
When agencies bump against each other trying to claim their own piece of a problem to solve, leads to something like hyper pluralism |
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Budget |
A policy document allocating burdens (taxes) and benefits (expenditures) |
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Deficit |
A excess of federal expenditures over federal revenue |
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Revenue |
The financial resources of the government, the individual income tax and social security tax are two major sources of the federal government's revenue |
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Income Tax |
shares of individual wages and corporate revenues collected by the government. 16th Amendment allows it |
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Social Insurance Tax |
Employers and employees pay for social security and medicare |
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National Debt |
All the money borrowed by the federal government over the years and still outstanding |
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Tax Expenditures |
Revenue losses that result from special exemptions, exclusions, or deductions allowed by federal tax law |
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Budget Resolution |
Setting the bottom line for expenditures, works back from there |
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Reconciliation |
program authorizations are revised to achieve saving, done by cutting in taxes and in revenue |
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Authorization Bill |
establishes or changes a government's program |
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Appropriations Bill |
Funds programs withen the limits proposed by the authorization bill |
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Continuing Resolutions |
When Congress cannot agree it allows the agency to use whatever budget they had last year |
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Interest Groups and the Budget |
They are constantly watching the budget because they are lobbying for the groups that are being affected by it |
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Agencies and the Budget |
They do informal lobbying to affect they budget |
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OMB and the Budget |
They reflect what the president wants when setting the budget |
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President and the Budget |
He needs to affect the budget in order to keep the promises he made to the public when he got elected |
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Tax Committees and the Budget |
They determine the tax code, very valid they know what is going on with the budget |
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Congressional Budget and the Budget |
Represents what Congress wants in the budget |
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Congress and the Budget |
They vote on the budget |
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GAo and the Budget |
Keeps the government accountable and says if an agency is doing a good job or not and whether they should get as much funding as they do |
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Reconciliation Bill |
Allows Congress to adjust the budget proposed in the authorization bill |
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Social Welfare Policies |
Policies that provide benefits, cash or in-kind, to individuals, based on either entitlement or means testing |
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Unemployment Rate |
Measured by the bureaucracy of Labor and Statistics, the proportion of the labor force actively seeking work but unable to find jobs |
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Underemployment Rate |
Measures people who aren't working and seeking a job, those who would work but have given up looking, and those working a part-time job because they can't find a full-time job |
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Inflation |
A rise in price of goods and services |
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Consumer Price Index |
Measure of inflation- the change in the cost of buying goods and services |
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Monetary Policy |
Government manipulation of the supply of money in private hands |
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Monetarism |
Theory that holding the supply of money is the key to economic health, too much cash and credit causes inflation |
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Federal Reserve System |
Makes monetary policy, regulates lending practice in the banks |
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Fiscal Policy |
Use of federal budget, borrowing, taxing, and spending
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Keynesian Economic Theory |
Emphasis government spending and increase demand to stimulate economy |
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Supply-Side Economics |
Stimulate the supply of goods, not the demand, cutting the tax rates |
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Quantitative Easing |
Pump money into government so people continue to borrow and buy, seen as a good thing |
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Entitlement Programs |
Providing services to qualified individuals regardless of need |
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Means-tested programs |
providing services to individuals that meet the qualifications only |
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Income Distribution |
The way the national income is divided into shares, ranking from poor to rich |
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Relative Deprivation |
The perception that he or she is not doing as well economically as others |
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Income |
Amount of money collected between any two points in time |
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Wealth |
Value of assets owned |
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Poverty Line |
Income line where the people below it are considered poor |
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Feminization in poverty |
Poverty is more common in women, unmarried and/or with children |
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Progressive Tax |
Takes a greater share of the richer people's income than a poor person's |
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Proportional Tax |
Takes the same share of income from everyone |
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Regressive Tax |
Takes a greater share of income poorer people |
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Earned Income Tax Credit |
Special tax benefit for working people with low incomes |
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Transfer Payments |
Benefits given by the government directly to individuals |
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Trust Fund |
A sum of money put away so that no one can touch it and it grows through bonds and stocks over a period of time and it can be used later |
