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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
the focus is on age related changes in behavior
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developmental pyschology
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science of behavior and mental processes
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developmental psychology
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science that seeks to understand how and why people change or remain the same
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human development
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biosocial, cognitive and psychosocial
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domains of behavior
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multidirectional, multicontextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary and plasticity
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life span perspective characteristics
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observation, surveys, case studies
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desriptive research methods
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correlation is not ________
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causation
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independent variable, dependent variable, experimental subjects, control subjects, double blind study, cause and effect
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experimental research methods
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groups of different ages compared at the same point in time
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cross sectional research
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same group of people studied at intervals over a long period of time
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longitudinal research
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combines cross sectional and longitudinal research
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cross sequential research
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good points and bad points of all methods
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merits and flaws
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systematic set of principles and generalizations that explains development, generates hypotheses and provides framework for research
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developmental theories
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comprehensive theories that have inspired and directed thinking about development for decades but no longer seems adequate
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grand theories
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irrational unconscious forces, many originating in childhoold that underlie human behavior
who and what is it called? |
Sigmund Freud and pyschoanalytic theory
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theory on which life span development is based. development crisis at each stage of development
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Erikson and 8 stages of pychosocial development
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behaviorism theory of learning through association
who and what is it called? |
Pavlov and classical conditioning
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behaviorism theory of learning through reinforcement- law of effect
who and what? |
Skinner and operant conditioning
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behaviorism theory of learning through modeling, imitation and observation
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Bandura and social learning
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sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational
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Piagets 4 stages of cognitive development
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Freud, Erikson and Piaget all have _______________ theories of development
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stage
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theory which holds that human development results from dynamic interaction between developing persons and the surrounding culture
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emergent theory
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zone of proximal development and guided participation
who and what kind of theory |
Vygotsky and emergent
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emphasized the interaction of the genes and the environment, interaction that is seen as dynamic and reciprocal
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epigenetic theory
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all the nongenetic factors that can affect development form the cellular level to the broader effects
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environment
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specific genetic material that an organism inherits from its parents
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heredity
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sperm cell and egg cell
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gametes
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how many chromosomes in each gamete
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23
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genetic material
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chromosomes, genes and dna
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sequence of chemical compounds that is held witin dna molecules and directs development
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genetic code
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international effort to map the complete genetic code
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human genome project
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single cell formed from fusing a sperm with an ovum
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zygote
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what you have
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genotype
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what you see
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phenotype
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portays the persons chromosomes
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karyotype
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sex linked characteristics
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x linked genes
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fraternal twins
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dizygotic
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monozygotic
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identical twins
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characteristics produced by interaction of many genes
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polygenic traits
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disorder in which part of the x chromosome is attache to the rest of it by a very slim string of molecules, genetic abnormality and often produces mental deficiecy
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fragile x syndrome
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thinking about thinking
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metacognition
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chapter 12
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thinking about memory and how to improve it
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metamemory
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chapter 12
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second language learning
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bilingual
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the ability to concentrate on relevant information and ignore distractions
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selective attention
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chapter 12
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memory improves dramatically during the school years due to _____________________
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selective attention
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based on reasoning ability and not behavior
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kohlbergs stages of moral development
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Sids
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Sudden Infant Death Syndrome-
put babies to sleep on their backs! |
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involuntary physical responses to stimuli
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reflexes
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general term pscyhologists use for thinking
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cognition
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an apparent but not actual drop between one surface and another
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visual cliff
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chapt 6
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each of the various opportunities for perception, action and interaction
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affordances
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6
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mobile experiment
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memory
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6
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theory that every individual is born with a distinct, genetically bases set of psychological tendencies or dispositions
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epigenetic systems theory
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chap 7
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a network of nerves connecting the left and right hemispheres of the brain
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corpus callosum
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chap 8
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last part of brain to reach maturity
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prefrontal cortex
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chap 8
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leading cause of death for young children
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injury
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fatty insulating covering on axons that speeds up the transmission of neaural impulses, account sfor much of the brains growth during this period.
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myelination
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chap 8
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follow the laws of development- cephalo-caudal and proximo-distal
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motor skill
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5
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large body movements
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gross motor skills
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5
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small body movements
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fine motor skills
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5
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diseases(rubella, AIDS), drugs and alcohol, smoking, x rays
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examples of tetrogens
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4
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organ that encases the embryo and connects its ciruclatory system with that of the mother
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embryo
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4
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9th week until birth when all organs gorw in size and complexity
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period of fetus
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4
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3rd through 8th week after conception durking which the rudimentary system forms all anatomical structures to develop
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period of embryo
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4
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first two weeks of development after conception, beginning of cell differentiation
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germinal period
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4
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becomes the central nervous system, brain and spinal chord
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neural tube
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4
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alternate division of prenatal development
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3 month trimesters
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4
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