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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following is NOT true of personality disorders?
a. Personality disorder symptoms are exhibited only in stressful situations. b. Personality disorder symptoms cause significant impairment or distress. c. They are categorized in Axis II of the DSM-IV-TR. d. DSM-IV-TR lists 10 personality disorders. |
a. Personality disorder symptoms are exhibited only in stressful situations.
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What is the most important advantage of using categorical models of personality disorders?
a. Such models provide more information about each person. b. Such models are more flexible because they allow both categorical and dimensional descriptions of a person. c. Such models acknowledge that personality disorders are extreme versions of normal personality. d. Such models simply and conveniently classify individuals into personality disorder or non-personality disorder categories. |
d. Such models simply and conveniently classify individuals into personality disorder or non-personality disorder categories.
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Which one of the following is NOT one of the personality dimensions in the five-factor model?
a. Conscientiousness b. Hyperactivity c. Agreeableness d. Neuroticism |
b. Hyperactivity
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The anxious and fearful personality disorders are categorized on ________.
a. Cluster B b. Cluster A c. Cluster C d. Cluster D |
c. Cluster C
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One reason that researchers are unsure about the onset of personality disorders is that
One reason that researchers are unsure about the onset of personality disorders is that a. it is so responsive to medications, it's difficult to clearly identify problematic behaviors and symptoms. b. it is difficult to study over time since individuals with personality disorders usually don't seek help until the disorder is well ingrained. c. it begins in infancy when there is little conscious memory of trauma. d. it is often confused with other disorders. |
b. it is difficult to study over time since individuals with personality disorders usually don't seek help until the disorder is well ingrained.
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Some authors have argued that personality disorders are biased against females. What information supports this argument?
a. Many women with one personality disorder also meet criteria for another personality disorder. b. More women are diagnosed with histrionic and dependent personality disorders, but the actual prevalence is equal in males and females. c. One study found that psychologists incorrectly diagnosed more men as having histrionic personality disorder. d. Several personality disorders represent extreme versions of stereotypically masculine traits. |
b. More women are diagnosed with histrionic and dependent personality disorders, but the actual prevalence is equal in males and females.
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The comments "people are out to get me" and "I don't trust anyone" are most characteristic of a person with ________ personality disorder.
a. paranoid b. borderline c. schizoid d. antisocial |
a. paranoid
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Why are people with paranoid personality disorder particularly difficult to treat?
a. They frequently seek treatment, but insist upon therapists with excellent credentials. b. They are untrustworthy, do not pay their bills, and frequently don't show up. c. They have difficulty developing a trusting relationship with the therapist. d. They need social skills training before they can engage in therapy. |
c. They have difficulty developing a trusting relationship with the therapist.
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Schizoid personality disorder shares each of the following characteristics with the other Cluster A personality disorders EXCEPT ________.
a. ideas of reference b. constricted affect c. difficulty relating to others d. social isolation |
a. ideas of reference
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Manuel believes that radio announcers are telling him to call the president to warn about an impending invasion from Mars. This experience is called ________.
a. idea of reference b. magical thinking c. superstitiousness d. hallucinations |
a. ideas of reference
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Schizoid personality disorder shares each of the following characteristics with the other Cluster A personality disorders EXCEPT ________.
a. ideas of reference b. constricted affect c. difficulty relating to others d. social isolation |
a. ideas of reference
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Which of the following is NOT one of the diagnostic criteria for antisocial personality disorder?
a. Style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail b. Reckless disregard for the safety of self and others c. Lack of remorse after having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from another d. Impulsivity or failure to plan ahead |
a. Style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail
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Harry, a 15-year-old, has racked up 10 speeding tickets, regularly shoplifts, and enjoys drinking on weekends with his friends. Which hypothesis of arousal might explain Harry's risk-taking behaviors?
a. Psychopathic b. Dopaminergic c. Fearfulness d. Underarousa |
d. Underarousa
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Which statement best summarizes the relationship between abuse during childhood and the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder?
a. There is a correlation between abuse and borderline personality disorder. b. Abuse causes borderline personality disorder. c. Individuals with borderline personality disorder are likely to abuse their children. d. Having borderline personality disorder puts one at risk for being abused. |
a. There is a correlation between abuse and borderline personality disorder.
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What is the typical focus of treatment for narcissistic personality disorder?
a. Increasing mood regulation and decreasing self-mutilation b. Decreasing hypersensitivity to evaluation and increasing empathy c. Decreasing criminal activity and increasing law-abiding behaviors d. Increasing independence and decreasing dependence on others |
b. Decreasing hypersensitivity to evaluation and increasing empathy
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People with avoidant personality disorder report childhood experiences involving ________.
a. rejection and conflict with others b. parental reinforcement of conformity c. being taught to be careful about making mistakes d. excessive attention and affection from parents |
a. rejection and conflict with others
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The problems experienced by people with avoidant personality disorder closely resemble those of people with what Axis I disorder?
a. Social phobia b. Major depressive disorder c. Schizophrenia d. Posttraumatic stress disorder |
a. Social phobia
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Therapy for obsessive-compulsive personality disorder may target the fear that underlies the need for orderliness. What is this fear?
a. Fear that what one does will be inadequate b. Fear that others will deceive one c. Fear of being unable to take care of oneself d. Fear of coming into contact with germs |
a. Fear that what one does will be inadequate
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A person with narcissistic personality disorder is most likely to also have ________ personality disorder.
a. antisocial b. schizotypal c. histrionic d. paranoid |
a. antisocial
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Which of the following has NOT been examined as a possible cause for schizotypal personality disorder?
a. Damage to the left hemisphere of the brain b. A schizophrenia genotype c. Abuse during childhood d. Prenatal exposure to influenza |
c. Abuse during childhood
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Which of the following correctly identifies the relationships among psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, and criminality?
a. People with antisocial personality disorder may be psychopaths and/or criminals. b. Not all criminals are psychopaths, but all criminals have antisocial personality disorder. c. Psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, and criminality are distinct and do not occur in the same individuals. d. All psychopaths meet criteria for antisocial personality disorder, but they are not necessarily criminals. |
a. People with antisocial personality disorder may be psychopaths and/or criminals.
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Dependent personality disorder seems to develop in individuals who
a. have parents who reinforce conformity and neatness. b. do not bond with a caregiver due to early death or rejection. c. are rejected by parents who do not provide enough affection. d. are taught by parents to be careful about making mistakes. |
b. do not bond with a caregiver due to early death or rejection.
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What seems to cause the interpersonal problems experienced by people with obsessive-compulsive disorder?
a. Lack of empathy b. General rigidity c. Fear of rejection d. Mistrust of others |
b. General rigidity
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One study has shown that an effective treatment for individuals with schizotypal personality disorder included all of the following EXCEPT ________.
a. community treatment b. antipsychotic medication c. social skills training d. shock therapy |
d. shock therapy
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Which proposed personality disorder may be a subtype of narcissistic personality disorder?
a. Depressive personality disorder b. Negativistic personality disorder c. Histrionic personality disorder d. Antisocial personality disorder |
b. Negativistic personality disorder
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