Chapter Two Concepts 104

Front 1

Privilege

Back 1

Permission to do whatvisbusually not permitted in other circumstances

Front 2

Ethical codes

Back 2

Actions and beliefs approved of by a particular group of people

Front 3

Ethical principles

Back 3

Rules of right and wrong from an ethical point of view.

Front 4

Ethics committee

Back 4

A committee formed to.consider ethical problems

Front 5

Laws

Back 5

Rules of conduct that are established bybour government

Front 6

Judicial law

Back 6

Results when a law or court decision is challenged in the courts and the judge affirms or reverses the decision.

Front 7

Advance directive

Back 7

Written statement expressing the patients wishes regarding future consent or refusal of treatment if the patient is incapable of participating in decision making.

Front 8

Appeal

Back 8

Challenge to.a court decision; a higher court will judge whether the original decision is affirmed or reversed.

Front 9

Civil rights, civil law

Back 9

Personal or individual conditions (life,liberty, and privacy) guaranteed bybthe constitution, bill of rights, and federal or regulatory law

Front 10

Competent

Back 10

Mentally and emotionally able to understand and act(make choices) able to appreciate consequences of actions

Front 11

Controlled substance

Back 11

Specific drugs with a potential for abuse such as narcotics, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives. Laws regulate how these are prescribed, dispensed,and stored

Front 12

Crime

Back 12

Violation of public law

Front 13

Damages

Back 13

The monetary award to an injured plaintiff when the defendant is found responsible for the injury.

Front 14

Defendant

Back 14

Person accused of violation of pu luv law (crime) or civil law (tort)

Front 15

Emancipated minor

Back 15

Person under 18 years if she ehonis legally considered an adult, usually because of marriage parenthood, or enlistment in the armed services.

Front 16

Felony

Back 16

A serious crime that may result in a prison term of more than one year

Front 17

Health care agent

Back 17

Perks. Designated by the patient to make health care decisions when the patient is incapacitated. Usually part of an advance directive

Front 18

Liability

Back 18

Responsibility to pay or compensate for a loss or injury resulting from ones negligence

Front 19

Litigation

Back 19

Lawsuit legal process to prove the facts of dispute

Front 20

Malpractice

Back 20

When a professional causes harm by failing to meet the standard of care; failure to do what a reasonable and prudent person in a similar situation would do.

Front 21

Malpractice insurance

Back 21

Policy that protects a nurse from the expense of defending herself from lawsyit; will pay the amount awarded up to policy limits if a nurse is found guilty of malpractice

Front 22

Medical power of attorney

Back 22

Legal assignment of the ability to make healthcare decisions for another person; similar to a healthcare agent.

Front 23

Misdemeanor

Back 23

Less serious crime than a felony; may result in fines, imprisonment of yr or less or both

Front 24

Negligence

Back 24

Departure from the standard of care, which, under similar circumstances would have ordinarily been exercised by similar trained and experienced professional.

Front 25

Plaintiff

Back 25

Person who believes he or she has been injured bybthe action s of another and seeks tonprive it i. Court of law.

Front 26

Power of attorney

Back 26

Legal action to allow a person to co duct business matters of another

Front 27

Precedent

Back 27

A judicial decision that is used as a guide in terpreting the law a d deciding cases afterward

Front 28

Privileged relarionship

Back 28

One that requires confidentiality b trustvthat information gained in the relationship will not be made public

Front 29

Statute

Back 29

Legal term for law

Front 30

Tort

Back 30

Violation of a civil law a two g against and individual

Front 31

Nurse practice act

Back 31

State licensure is required to practice nursing in the United States, and each state writes it's own laws and regulations regarding licensure I whatvis called a nurse practice act. Nurse practice acts regulate the degree of dependence or I dependence of a licensed nurse work g with or under other nurses, physicians, and health care providers.

Front 32

Scope of practice

Back 32

The scope of practice includes the definition of Nursing for the registered nurse and the licensed practical nurse or vocational nurse and may I glide definitions for advanced practice nurses such as a nurse practitioners or nurse anesthetists.

Front 33

Standards of Care

Back 33

Legally a nurse is responsible for their actions under the nurse practice act and according to the standards of care approved by the professuin.

Front 34

Professional discipline

Back 34

State board will investigate any charge or violation under the nurse practice act. Violations can result in suspension of license.

Front 35

Continuing education

Back 35

Licensed nurses are required to provide proof of continued education yearly. It is expected for nurses to perform at that their best and stay up to date on new imformation.

Front 36

Laws and guidelines affecting nursing practice

Back 36

When a nurse becomes employed they must adhere to the governing regulations of the state where they are employed. They also need to follow certain federal regulations that deal with safety, and health in the workplace as well as forbid discrimination and sexual harassment. The Patient Care Partnership: understanding expectations rights and responsibilities provides ethical guidelines for nursing practice.

Front 37

OSHA occupational safety and health administration

Back 37

Passed in 1970 to improve work environment in areas that affect workers health and safety. It includes regulations for handling infectious material, toxic material, radiation safeguards, and use of electrical equipment.

Front 38

Child Abuse prevention and treatment Act 1974

Back 38

Medical professionals fall under mandated reporting. Should know the company policy for report I g child abuse.

Front 39

Discrimination

Back 39

Making a decision or treating people based on class or group to which they belong.

Front 40

Sexual harrassment

Back 40

Defines as unwelcome sexual advances, request for sexual favors,and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature.

Front 41

Good Samaritan law

Back 41

Protect health care professional from liability if they stop to provide aid in in emergency. There are no laws that require a nurse to help but the liability is lowered if they do as long as there was not gross negligence involved.

Front 42

Patients rights 1972

Back 42

Revised in 1992 the AHA American hospital association developed the patients bill of rights. Rights a patient can expect to have when being treated and was revised in 03 to be called the understanding expectations rights and responsibilities. Available in 8 languages on aha.org

Front 43

ISBAR-R

Back 43

Introduction- hello I'm Donna the day shift nurse. Are you ready for the shift report on Mrs. Smith in room S21?

Situation- you are communicating the 3pm change-of-shift report for 65-year old patient who was admitted 3 days ago.

Background- Mrs. Smith is a 65 yr old patient who was admitted 3 days ago with pneumonia and shortness of breath. She has completed 3 days of antibiotic therapy, nebulizer treatments every 4 hrs, and continuous supplemental oxygen therapy.

Assessment- Mrs. Smith has clear lung sounds, and her pulse odometer reads 98% on 2L of oxygen. Vital signs: T98.8, P 86, R 22, and BP 128/72. She ambulates twice this shift down the length of the hall and denies shortness of breath. She has an occasional cough, productive yellow sputum.

Recomendation- monitor pulse oximeter readings with vital signs once a shift. Administer antibiotics and nebulizer treatments on time, ambulate one more time this evening, consider administering PRN cough medicine at bedtime.

Readback- Ask receiving nurse if there are any questions and to read back notes for clarification.

Front 44

Hospital National safety Goals

Back 44

Identify patient correctly, use two different forms of identification. Make sure the correct patient is receiving the correct blood for transfusion.

Improve staff communication

Get important test results to the right staff member on time.

Use medicines safely

Before procedure label medicines that are not labeled. Take extra care with patients who take medications to thin their blood. Record and pass along the correct information about medications a patient is taking.

Use alarms safely

Make improvements to ensure that alarms on medical equipment are heard and responded to on time.

Prevent infection

Use the g and cleaning guidelines from the CDC and or world health organization. Use proven guidelines to prevent infections that are difficult to treat. Use proven guidelines to prevent infections of the blood from.central lines. Use proven guidelines to prevent infections after surgery. Use proven guidelines to prevent infections of the urinary tract that are caused by catheters.

Identify Patient Safety risks

Find out which patients are mist likely to commit suicide.

Prevent Mistakes in Surgery

Make sure the correct surgery is done on the correct patient and the correct place on the patients body. Mark the correct place on the patients body where the surgery is to be done. Pause before the surgery to make sure that a mistake is not being made.

Front 45

Rights provided by HIPPA

Back 45

Consent

Written. Consents must contain a clause that say the patient agrees to let the provider to use and disclose his information for treatment, payment, and health care operations. A notice must be attached to the consent form.

Notice

The providers obligations are outlines regarding the privacy of the patients health care information. It includes the six patient rights and responsibilities of the provider. It details how the patient information will be protected, as well as a process for filing a complaint if the patient believes privacy rights have been violated.

Access

The patient has the right to inspect and copy his medical record.

Amendment

A patient has the right to amend his record for the purpose of accuracy.

Accounting for Disclosure

Providers are held accountable for how patients medical information is handled. Tracking of any disclosures of information not related to treatment, payment, or health care operations, or that were not authorized by the patient, must occur.

Restriction of Disclosure

The Patient can request that the provider restrict the use and disclosure of his information. However, the provider does not have to grant the request

Front 46

Consents and Releases

Back 46

A consent is permission given by the patient or his legal representative. Consents and Releases are legal documents that record the patients permission to perform surgery to or to give information to insurance companies or other health care providers.

Front 47

Informed consent

Back 47

Indicates the patients participation in the decision making process. The person signing must have knowledge of what the consent allows and be able to make a knowledgeable decision.

Front 48

Admission agreement

Back 48

Commonly obtained at the time if admission to a hospital. This form delineates the hospitals or facilities responsibility tithe patient. The hospital agrees to provide room, meals, basic nursing, and medical care prescribed by the primary health care provider. The Patient consents to diagnostic services such as radiography, medication administration, and nursing treatments. The Patient acknowledges responsibility to pay for services. Consent to bill insurance companies and provide medical information about the patient to recieve payment is usually part of the admission agreement.

Front 49

Operator e consent

Back 49

All surgical or invasive procedures such as repair of a hernia or removal of the appendix, biopsies,and many diagnostic tests that are invasive require operative consent. It may be called surgical consent or permission for surgery or anesthesia. The physician, surgeon, or anesthesiologist who performs the procedure, it's risks and benefits and possible alternative options.

Front 50

Consent to receive blood

Back 50

A consent to receive a blood transfusion would indicate that the patient was informed of the benefits and risks of transfusion, as is done for surgical or invasive procedures. Some patients hold religious beliefs that would prohibit transfusions, even in life threatening situations.

Front 51

Research Consent

Back 51

Clinical research is carried out only with the patients informed consent about the possible risks, consequences, and benefits of the research. A patient always has the right to refuse to participate in a research drug or treatment without his formal consent.

Front 52

Consent to release information

Back 52

A specific consent to release confidential patient information to other agencies or people is required before the information may be released. Except with a consulting and referring physician.

Front 53

Implied consent

Back 53

Is assumed during a life threatening emergency consent cannot be obtained from the patient or family.

Front 54

Release

Back 54

Is a legal document excusing one party from liability. A common release is a leave against medical advice AMA.

Front 55

Witnessing wills or other legal documents.

Back 55

It is not illegal for a nurse to be witness however it is usually up to the facility if they are allowed to do such.