Chapter Six

Front 1

Biome

Back 1

a large, relatively distinctive terrestrial reion with a similar climate soil, plants and animals, regardless of where it occurs in the world

Front 2

Tundra

Back 2

the reeless biome in the far north that consists of boggy plains coverd by lichens and small plants suchs as mosses; has harsh, very cold winters and extreemely short summers

Front 3

Boreal Forest

Back 3

a region of coniferous forest(such as pine, spruce and fir) in the norther hemisphere; located justy south of the tundra

Front 4

Temperate Rain Forest

Back 4

a coniferous biome with cool weather, dense fod and high precipitiation

Front 5

Temperate Decuduous forest

Back 5

a forest biome thatoccurs in temperate areas with a moderate amount of precipitation

Front 6

Temperate Grassland

Back 6

a grassland with hot summers, cold winters, and less rainfall than the temperate decidous forest biome

Front 7

Chaparral

Back 7

a biome with mild, moist winters and how, dry summers; vegitation is typically small-leaced evergreen shrubs and small trees

Front 8

Desert

Back 8

a biome in which the lack of precipitiation limits plant growth; are found in both temperate and subtropical regions

Front 9

Savanah

Back 9

a tropical grassland with widely scattered trees or clumps of trees

Front 10

Tropical Rain Forest

Back 10

a lush, species-rich forest biome that occurs where the climate is warm and moist throughout the year

Front 11

Flowing-water Ecosystem

Back 11

a freshwater ecosystem such as a river or stream in which the water flows in a current

Front 12

Standing-water Ecosytem

Back 12

a body of fresh water that is surrounded by land and that does not flow, a lake or a pond

Front 13

Freshwater Wetlands

Back 13

lands that shallow fresh water covers for at least party of the year; have a characteristic soil and water-tollerant vegetation

Front 14

Estuary

Back 14

a costal body of water, partly surrounded by land, with access to the open ocean and a large supply of fresh water from a river

Front 15

Intertidal Zone

Back 15

the area of shore line between low and high tides

Front 16

Benthic Enviroment

Back 16

the ocean floow, which extends from the intertidal xome to the deep ocean trenches

Front 17

Neritic Province

Back 17

the part of the pelagic enviorment that overlies the ocean floor from the shoreline to a depth of 200m

Front 18

National Marine Sanctuary

Back 18

a marine ecosystem set aside to minimize human impacts and protect unique natural resources and historic sites

Front 19

Climates

Back 19

based on temperature and precipitation diffences

Front 20

Alpine Tundra

Back 20

a tundra located in the higher elevations of mountains, above the tree line

Front 21

Permafrost

Back 21

permanently forzen ground that varries in depth and thinkness

Front 22

Species Richness

Back 22

the number of different species

Front 23

Primary Productivity

Back 23

the rate at which energu is accumlated

Front 24

Monoculture

Back 24

a single species

Front 25

Leach

Back 25

filter

Front 26

Mediterranean climates

Back 26

hilly temperate enviorments that have mild winter with abundant rainfall combined with dry summers

Front 27

Desertification

Back 27

sever over grazing and harvesting of trees for firewood that converts savanas into deserts

Front 28

Salinity

Back 28

the concentration of dessolved salts

Front 29

Plankton

Back 29

unsually small or micorsopic organisms that are relatively feeble swimmers

Front 30

Phytoplankton

Back 30

free floating phtotsynthetic algae and cyanobacteria that form the base of most aquatic food webs

Front 31

Zooplankton

Back 31

nonphotosynthetic organisms

Front 32

Nekton

Back 32

larger more strongly swimming organisms

Front 33

Bethos

Back 33

bottem dwelling organisms that fix themselves to one spot, borrow in the sand, or simplt walk about the bottem

Front 34

Littoral Zone

Back 34

is shallow water area along the shore of a lake or pond where the light reaches the bottom

Front 35

Limnetic Zone

Back 35

opean water beyond the littoral zone

Front 36

Profundal Zone

Back 36

the deepest zone

Front 37

Thermal Stratifcation

Back 37

themperature changes sharply with depth

Front 38

Thermocline

Back 38

abrupt temperature transitions in thermal stratifictation

Front 39

Fall Turnover

Back 39

a mixing of the layers of lake water

Front 40

Spring Tunover

Back 40

as ice melts and the surface water reaches 4C

Front 41

Blooms

Back 41

population explosions

Front 42

Ecosystem Services

Back 42

important enviormental functions of an ecosystem

Front 43

Salt Marshes

Back 43

a shallow wetland dominated by salt-tollerant grasses

Front 44

Mangrove Forests

Back 44

the tropical equivalent of salt marshes

Front 45

Sea Grasses

Back 45

flowering plants adapted to complete submersion in salty ocean water

Front 46

Kelp

Back 46

largest brown algae

Front 47

Coral Reefs

Back 47

found in warm shallow seawater formed by calcium carbonate

Front 48

Zooxanthellae

Back 48

symbiotic algea that live and photosynthesize in thier tissues

Front 49

Fringing Reef

Back 49

a reef directly attached to the shore of a volcenic island or continent and has no laggon associated with it

Front 50

Atoll

Back 50

circular coral reel that surrounds a central lagoon of quite water

Front 51

Barrier Reef

Back 51

seperates a lagoon of open water with land

Front 52

Pelagic Enviorment

Back 52

all of the ocean water

Front 53

Euphotuic Zone

Back 53

clearets of open water

Front 54

Marine Snow

Back 54

orgainc debris that drifts down into the ocean

Front 55

Marjory Stoneman Douglas

Back 55

wrote the everglades:river of grass

Front 56

Comprehensice Everglades Restoration Plan

Back 56

to supply clean fresh water to the Everglades and to south flordia