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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Permanent Storage Device |
holds nonvolatile data |
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computer file |
a collection of data stored on a nonvolatile device in a computer system |
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text files |
contain data that can be read in a text editor |
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binary files |
contain data that has not been encoded as text |
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byte |
a small unit of storage |
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kilobyte |
approximately 1000 bytes |
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megabyte |
is a million bytes |
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gigabyte |
a billion bytes |
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directories |
organization units on storage devices that contain multiple files as well as additional directories |
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folders |
organization units on |
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a files path |
the combination of its disk drive and the complete hierarchy of directories in which the file resides |
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data hierarchy |
a framework that describes the relationships between data components |
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fields |
data items that each represent a single attribute of a record and that are composed of one or more characters |
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records |
groups or fields that go together for some logical reason |
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files |
groups of related records |
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database |
holds groups of files or tables and provides the means for easy retrieval and organization |
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tables |
files in a database |
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opening a file |
locates is on a storage device and associates a variable name within your program with a file |
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reading from a file |
copies data from a file and on a storage device into ram |
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sequential file |
a file in which records are stored one after another in the same order |
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sorting |
the process of placing records in order by the value in a specific field or fields |
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writing to a file |
copies data from ram to a persistent storage |
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closing a file |
makes it no longer available to an application |
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default input and output devices |
those that do not require opening |
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backup file |
file that is kept in case values need to be restored to their original state |
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parent file |
a copy of a file before revision |
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child file |
a copy of a file after revision |
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control break |
a temporary detour in the logic of a program |
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control break program |
one in which a change in the value of the variable initiates special actions or causes special or unusual processing to occur |
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control break report |
a form of output that includes special processing after each group of records |
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single-level control break |
a break in the logic of a program to perform special processing based on the value of a single variable |
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control break field |
holds a value that causes special processing in a control break program |
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merging files |
involves combining two or more files while maintaining the sequential order |
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ascending order |
describes records placed in order from lowest to highest based on the value in a field |
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descending order |
describes records placed in order from lowest to highest based on the value in a field |
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master file |
holds complete and relatively permanent data |
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transaction file |
holds temporary data that is used to update a master file |
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update a master file |
involves making changes to the values in its fields based on transactions |
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batch processing |
involves performing the same tasks with many records, one after the other |
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real-time |
applications require that a record be accessed immediately while a client or user is waiting |
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interactive program |
one in which the user makes direct requests or provides input while a program executes |
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random access file |
one in which records can be located in any physical order and accessed directly |
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internet access file |
random access files in which records can be accessed immediately |
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direct access files |
random access files |
