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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Norm-Referencing Tests
Examples |
* One way of understanding an individual's score
* Each individual's test score is compared to the average score of a group of individuals (norm group) * GRE's, SAT's, ACT's, MCAT's, IQ tests, Career inventories, College curved tests |
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Criterion-Referenced Tests
Examples |
*Another way of understanding an individual's score
*Compares test scores to a predetermined value or set criterion *Driver's License Exam, Test/Quiz scored against a standard (A = 90) |
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Value/Importance of Standard Scores
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*Represent a number of different kinds of scores that are derived by converting an individual's raw score to a new score that has a new mean and new standard deviation
*Generally used to make interpretation of test material easier for the examinee |
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Common examples of standard scores
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*Z-scores, T-scores, Deviation IQ, Stanines, Sten scores, NCE scores, college and graduate school entrance exam scores (SAT/GRE), publisher type scores
*Z-scores have mean of 0, SD of 1 and reflects where an individual falls on the normal curve. *Important to our understanding of derived scores meaning that configuring a z-score is often the first critical step to finding all other derived scores |
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Scales of Measurement: Four Kinds that inform us about our limits and options for statistical manipulation of a scale
Nominal Scales |
*Most basic/simple
*Numbers are arbitrarily assigned to represent different categories *Male = 1; Female = 2 *Normal statistical calculations cannot be performed, can only calculate mode or count |
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Scales of Measurement: Four Kinds that inform us about our limits and options for statistical manipulation of a scale
Ordinal Scales |
*Magnitude/Rank order implied
*Distance between measurements unknown *1 = Disagree, 2 = Neutral, 3 = Agree |
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Scales of Measurement: Four Kinds that inform us about our limits and options for statistical manipulation of a scale
Interval Scales |
*Equal distance between measurements but has no absolute zero reference point
*GRE scores minimum score is 200 |
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Scales of Measurement: Four Kinds that inform us about our limits and options for statistical manipulation of a scale
Ratio Scales |
*Meaningful zero point and equal intervals
*Manipulated by all mathematical principles *Height, Weight, Reaction Time |
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Correlation: Relationship between two sets of test scores
Positive Correlation |
*Scores related in the same direction
0 to +.3 = weak strength +.4 to +.6 = medium strength +.7 to +1.0 = strong strength |
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Correlation: Relationship between two sets of test scores
Negative Correlation |
*Inverse relationship between sets of scores
0 to -.3 = weak strength -.4 to -.6 = medium strength -.7 to -1.0 = strong strength |
