Chapter 9~10 Ss Vocab Quiz

Front 1

Democracy

Back 1

Form of government in which all eligible citizens have an equal say in the decision that affect their lives

Front 2

Civil Servant

Back 2

someone who works for a government department

Front 3

Pressure Groups

Back 3

Organized groups of individuals with common interests and concerns who attempt to pressure political decision makers; also known as interest groups

Front 4

Institutionalized Pressure Groups

Back 4

well established, formal organization; permanent pressure groups

Front 5

Issue-oriented Pressure Groups

Back 5

not permanent pressure group whose purpose is to accomplish limited aims; usually disbands once the goal is reached

Front 6

Lobbyists

Back 6

a person hired to represent the interests of a pressure group by influencing policy decision makers in the group's favor

Front 7

Bureaucrats

Back 7

government officials and administrators

Front 8

Public Service

Back 8

the government administration

Front 9

Public Interest

Back 9

the common well-being or the general welfare of the public

Front 10

Brand Recognition

Back 10

awareness by the general public of characteristics associated with a particular product, business, or person (in the case of politics)

Front 11

Spin Docts

Back 11

people who publicize in a positive way the words and actions of politicians

Front 12

Civil Disobedience

Back 12

the act of intentionally breaking the law while protesting against law one considers unjust

Front 13

Apartheid

Back 13

an official policy of racial segregation involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against non-whites

Front 14

ideology

Back 14

political and social principles and beliefs

Front 15

Direct Democracy

Back 15

a system in which citizens vote directly on every issue

Front 16

Representative Democracy

Back 16

a system in which citizens elect a politician who then makes decisions for them

Front 17

Socialism

Back 17

a political and economic system in which the means of production and distribution in a country are publicly owned and controlled for the benefit of all members of a society

Front 18

Liberalism

Back 18

a political philosophy supporting individual freedoms and governmental protection of civil liberties

Front 19

Capitalism

Back 19

an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production, with the goal of making a profit. Price and quantity is determined by the supply and demand of the consumers.

Front 20

Conservatism

Back 20

a political philosophy supporting traditional values and institutions and opposing sudden change

Front 21

Fiscal

Back 21

pertaining to money issues

Front 22

Totalitarian

Back 22

a form of government that uses intimidation, violence and propaganda to rules all aspects of the social and political life of its citizens

Front 23

Authoritarian

Back 23

a form of government in which one individual or small group holds all the power and directs the lives of citizens

Front 24

Communism

Back 24

a social and economic ideology that believes property, production and distribution of goods and services should be owned by the public, and that the labor force should be organized for the benefit of all members of society

Front 25

Bourgeoisie

Back 25

the ruling class or middle class

Front 26

Proletariat

Back 26

the works or lowest class

Front 27

Fascism

Back 27

an authoritarian system of government that exercises complete power, suppresses opposition, often through the use of force and encourages nationalism and racism

Front 28

Political Spectrum

Back 28

a linear visual used to illustrate political ideologies from left to right

Front 29

Party Platform

Back 29

a list of priorities and a plan for governing published by a political party

Front 30

Quebec Sovereignty

Back 30

a movement advocating that Quebec separate from the rest of Canada and become a country of its own

Front 31

Libertarianism

Back 31

a political ideology that supports maximum individual freedom and minimal government involvement in the lives of its citizens

Front 32

Non-governmental organizations (NGO's)

Back 32

local, national, or international groups that work independently of government on issues such as health, environment or human rights

Front 33

Patronage

Back 33

a favor, often a government position, given in return for political support

Front 34

Populism

Back 34

a political movement that advocates the interests of ordinary people

Front 35

Elite

Back 35

a group of people who hold power

Front 36

Polarize

Back 36

to go in opposite directions

Front 37

Partisan

Back 37

loyal to a party or cause

Front 38

Senate

Back 38

the second legislative body in Parliament consisting of appointed members whose roles to give sober second thought to the passage of bills

Front 39

Cabinet

Back 39

the group of ministers chosen by the prime minister who decide government policy; each Cabinet minister has a responsibility for a particular department

Front 40

House of Commons

Back 40

the first legislative body of Parliament whose members are elected

Front 41

Ad valorem tax

Back 41

a tax that is proportional to the value of goods

Front 42

Excise tax

Back 42

an added tax on certain goods produced or sold in the country, for example, alcohol, gas and tobacco

Front 43

Surplus

Back 43

the amount of money remaining when a government takes in more than it spends

Front 44

Deficit

Back 44

the amount of money a government owes when it takes in less money than it spends

Front 45

Civil Service

Back 45

the body of people who work in government administration

Front 46

Office of the Prime minister

Back 46

the prime minister's political advisers and staff

Front 47

Privy Council Office

Back 47

the office that organizes the work of the Cabinet

Front 48

Cabinet solidarity

Back 48

the custom that Cabinet members must now show disagreement with government policies

Front 49

Order-in-Council

Back 49

an order signed by the Governor General on advice of the prime minister and Cabinet; allows laws and regulations to be passed without a parliamentary vote

Front 50

Royal Assent

Back 50

the final stage abill must complete before it is passed

Front 51

Lieutenant-Governor

Back 51

the provincial representative of the Crown appointed by the Governor General

Front 52

Party Whip

Back 52

a member of the legislature assigned the specific role of ensuring all members of his or her party are present in the legislature to support party interests

Front 53

Party discipline

Back 53

all party members voting the same way, as one voice

Front 54

Free Vote

Back 54

members voting according to their own conscience

Front 55

Backbenchers

Back 55

members of a legislature who are not Cabinet ministers, party leaders or opposition critics

Front 56

Private Member's Bill

Back 56

a bill introduced into the legislature by a member of the legislature who is not a member of the Cabinet

Front 57

Majority Government

Back 57

a government in which the ruling party has more than half the total number of seats in legislature

Front 58

Minority Government

Back 58

a government in which the ruling party has more seats than any other party, but the other parties combined have more seats than the government

Front 59

Status Quo

Back 59

the existing order of things

Front 60

Coalition

Back 60

a former alliance of political parties

Front 61

Prorogue

Back 61

to suspend Parliament for a period of time

Front 62

Dissolve Parliament

Back 62

to call an end to Parliament

Front 63

Constituent

Back 63

a voter in a riding

Front 64

Referendum

Back 64

a direct vote where everyone is asked to either accept or reject

Front 65

Electoral District

Back 65

geographical area of a given size of population used as a unit in election

Front 66

Chief Electoral Office

Back 66

an independent officer of Parliament responsible for federal election

Front 67

Voter Apathy

Back 67

reluctance or lack of interest in voting

Front 68

Nomination

Back 68

choosing a candidate to run for office

Front 69

Enumeration

Back 69

process of compiling a list of voters

Front 70

Balloting

Back 70

voting

Front 71

Tabulating

Back 71

counting votes

Front 72

Pollsters

Back 72

people who conduct public opinion polls

Front 73

Polling Stations

Back 73

locations where citizens in a riding vote

Front 74

Advance polls

Back 74

locations where people can vote in advance of election day

Front 75

Electoral Officer

Back 75

Elections Canada officers who can count votes

Front 76

By-election

Back 76

an election held in a riding to fill a vacancy

Front 77

First-past-the-post

Back 77

an electoral system where the candidate who has more votes than any other candidate wins

Front 78

Single transferable vote

Back 78

an electoral system where parties gain seats by the proportion of votes won in large electoral districts

Front 79

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Back 79

the United Nations outline of the rights to which all humans beings are entitled

Front 80

Rule of Law

Back 80

the principle that laws apply to all members of society equally; no one is above the law

Front 81

Canadian Bill of Rights

Back 81

a bill passed in 1960 that outlined human rights for Canada

Front 82

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Back 82

bill identifying human rights that are guaranteed to everyone in Canada

Front 83

Notwithstanding Clause

Back 83

a clause in the Canadian Constitution that entitles Parliament or the legislature of a province to allow an Act to stand even though it contravenes the Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Front 84

Democratic Rights

Back 84

Charter rights to participate in a democratic election

Front 85

Language Rights

Back 85

Charter rights to receive government services in English or French, and to be educated in either English or French

Front 86

Fundamental Freedoms

Back 86

freedoms in the Charter that guarantee citizens are free to worship and believe what they wish, to express their opinions freely, to associate with whomever they wish, and to gather together peacefully with others

Front 87

Mobility Rights

Back 87

Charter rights that guarantee people the ability to move around or in and out of the country

Front 88

Extradition

Back 88

the surrender of a person accused of a crime from one country to another

Front 89

Equality Rights

Back 89

Charter Rights that guarantee people will not be discriminated

Front 90

Affirmative ACtion

Back 90

Programs designed to help disadvantaged individuals or groups achieve equality

Front 91

Minority Rights

Back 91

legal rights to ensure that specific groups which are vulnerable or disadvantaged are protected and able to achieve equality

Front 92

Legal Rights

Back 92

Charter rights that guarantee people will be treated fairly by the legal system

Front 93

Precedent

Back 93

a legal decision that serves as a rule for future cases

Front 94

Amending Formula

Back 94

a rule established in 1982 that states Canada's Constitution cannot be changed unless at least seven Canadian provinces, representing at least 50% of the population of Canada, approves

Front 95

Employment Equity

Back 95

policies that ensure certain groups are given an advantage by emplores

Front 96

Human Development Index

Back 96

Index used to rank countries based on life expectancy, adult literacy and GDP rates

Front 97

Equity Groups

Back 97

certain groups of people who have traditionally been disadvantaged or discriminated against by employers

Front 98

Reverse Discrimination

Back 98

discrimination against a majority group in order to give preference to a disadvantaged group

Front 99

Undue Hardship

Back 99

financial strain of excessive difficulty