Chapter 9 Roots Of Imperialism.

Front 1

Hawaii's annexation, when and why

Back 1

In January 1893, the planters staged an uprising to overthrow the Queen. At the same time, they appealed to the United States armed forces for protection. Without Presidential approval, marines stormed the islands, and the American minister to the islands raised the stars and stripes in HONOLULU. The Queen was forced to abdicate, and the matter was left for Washington politicians to settle. By this time, Grover Cleveland had been inaugurated President. Cleveland was an outspoken anti-imperialist and thought Americans had acted shamefully in Hawaii. He withdrew the annexation treaty from the Senate and ordered an investigation into potential wrongdoings. Cleveland aimed to restore Liliuokalani to her throne, but American public sentiment strongly favored annexation.The matter was prolonged until after Cleveland left office. When war broke out with Spain in 1898, the military significance of Hawaiian naval bases as a way station to the SPANISH PHILIPPINES outweighed all other considerations. President William McKinley signed a joint resolution annexing the islands, much like the manner in which Texas joined the Union in 1845. Hawaii remained a territory until granted statehood as the fiftieth state in 1959.

Front 2

George Dewey- Why did he attack Manilla Bay?

Back 2

Manila Bay was ruled by Spain and the ships belonged to the Spanish. He was commodore of the U.S. squadron that destroyed the Spanish Fleet in Manilla Bay.

Front 3

Rough riders - who were they?

Back 3

A group of cavalry volunteers in the US Army who fought in the Spanish-American War. Although termed the Rough Riders, most of their horses did not arrive in Cuba, and the Rough Riders actually walked. The group was led by Colonel Leonard Wood, with Lieutenant-Colonel Theodore Roosevelt also leading a contingent. The Rough Riders made a heroic charge up San Juan Hill that cost them heavy casualties. A Spanish Fleet was destroyed at Santiago and Spanish troops surrendered in Cuba and at the island of Puerto Rico.

Front 4

Philippines when did they get independence?

Back 4

In 1916, the Congress passed the John's Act which ultimately said that the Philippines would gain their independence right away. They never actually got it till 1946.

Front 5

Spheres of influence

Back 5

Zones in China that gave European powers exclusive access to commerce.

Front 6

Platt amendment - what does it do?

Back 6

Gave the United States the rights to preserve order as needed in Cuba. It also restricted class independence from the U.S.

Front 7

Extractive economics - what is it

Back 7

Colonial economies based on imperialist nation extracting or removing raw materials.

Front 8

Alaska - why was it called a foolish idea?

Back 8

William Seward bought Alaska but Americans thought the purchase was foolish so they called it Seward's Folly.

Front 9

Social Darwinism

Back 9

Belief that Darwinism theory of the survival of the fittest should be applied to the societies, justifying imperialism.

Front 10

Treaty of Paris

Back 10

It ended the Spanish-American War and included U.S. acquisition of Puerto Rico and the purchase of the Philippines.

Front 11

Emilio Aguinaldo

Back 11

Leader of the Filipino nationalists who defeated the Spanish army.

Front 12

Spheres of influence

Back 12

..

Front 13

Platt amendment - what does it do?

Back 13

...

Front 14

Extractive economics - what is it?

Back 14

...

Front 15

Alaska- why was the called a foolish idea?

Back 15

...

Front 16

Social Darwinism

Back 16

..

Front 17

Treaty of Paris

Back 17

...

Front 18

Emilio Aguinaldo

Back 18

....

Front 19

William Jennings Bryan

Back 19

He was an Anti-Imperialist and he was Secretary of State. He ran for president multiples times but was never elected.

Front 20

Fredrick Turner - "safety valve" theory?

Back 20

The safety valve thesis is the assertion that the frontier, as a place of opportunity and escape, defused social discontent in America. Frederick Turner proposed that having the frontier to expand westward allowed Americans to restart their lives and get away from problems in their old residences, and that when the frontier "closed" in 1890 that problems would develop. Instead of staying in New York and stewing, people could get on a train and go west and homestead, going from "wage-slave" to property owner, apartment dweller to home owner by using westward migration. That even if they didn't pick up and go, they had the "chance" or hope that they could, which made things go better, and attracted people.

Front 21

Taft and the Philippines

Back 21

Taft become governor of Philippines; commission provided o Schools, roads, bridges, tax system, sanitation/vaccination, more rights for Filipinos to Filipinos, gave independence in 1946

Front 22

William Jennings Bryan

Back 22

He was an Anti-Imperialist and he was Secretary of State. He ran for president multiples he never got elected.

Front 23

Fredrick Turner's - "safety valve" theory

Back 23

The safety valve thesis is the assertion that the frontier, as a place of opportunity and escape, defused social discontent in America. He proposed that having the frontier to expand westward allowed Americans to restart their lives and get away from problems in their old residences, and that when the frontier "closed" in 1890 that problems would develop. Instead of staying in New York and stewing, people could get on a train and go west and homestead, going from "wage-slave" to property owner, apartment dweller to home owner by using westward migration. That even if they didn't pick up and go, they had the "chance" or hope that they could, which made things go better, and attracted people.

Front 24

Taft and the Philippines

Back 24

Taft become governor of Philippines; commission provided o Schools, roads, bridges, tax system, sanitation/vaccination, more rights for Filipinos to Filipinos, gave independence in 1946.

Front 25

Jones Act

Back 25

The John's Act promised Philippines independence right away.

Front 26

Open Door Policy

Back 26

Secretary of state John Hay's policy of opposing European colonies and "spheres of influence" in China.

Front 27

Russo-Japenese War

Back 27

War launched by Japan in 1904 to remove Russian influence in China, settled by Theodore Roosevelt in the Treat of Portsmouth.

Front 28

"Big Stick" diplomacy

Back 28

Theodore's Roosevelt's approach to international relations that depended on a strong military to achieve its arm.

Front 29

Moral diplomacy

Back 29

Present Wilson's policy to encourage human rights and opportunity rather than act in our own self interest in Latin America.

Front 30

Dollar Diplomacy

Back 30

President Taft's Policy to encourage investment rather than use force in Latin America.

Front 31

Panama Canal - why did U.S. support Panama's rebellion?

Back 31

So they could acquire territory to build the panama cannel to open a trading network to the Philippines and Guam.

Front 32

Panama Canal - why did U.S. support Panama's rebellion?

Back 32

So they could acquire territory to build the panama cannel to open a trading network to the Philippines and Guam.

Front 33

Jingoism

Back 33

Aggressive nationalism.

Front 34

Imperialism

Back 34

Poly by which stronger nations extend their political, economic, and military control over weaker territories.

Front 35

William Randolph Hearst

Back 35

Owner of the New York Journal who, during along with Joseph Putlizer of the New York world, started the yellow press.

Front 36

Alfred T. Mahan

Back 36

Naval historian who advocated for naval power as the basis for a great nation; urged the U.S to build a modern fleet.

Front 37

Fredrick J. Turner

Back 37

Historian who noted the closure of the American frontier; his ideas were used by others to urge U.S. overseas expansion.

Front 38

Matthew Perry

Back 38

U.S. Navel Commander who sailed a fleet into Tokyo and opened trade with Japan in 1853.

Front 39

Queen Liluokalani

Back 39

Hawaiian monaron dethroned in 1893 by rebel Americans planters in an action backer by the U.S. Marines.

Front 40

Jose Marti

Back 40

Cuban patriot who launched a war for independence from Spain in 1895.

Front 41

Yellow Press

Back 41

Sensationalized and exaggerated reporting on Spanish atrocities in Cuba.

Front 42

Insurrection

Back 42

A rebellion or revolt

Front 43

Guerrilla Warfare

Back 43

Form of non-traditional warfare, generally by small bands of fighters.

Front 44

William Howard Taft

Back 44

Future president, appointed government of the Philippines in 1901

Front 45

John Hay

Back 45

U.S secretary of state who asserted the "open door policy" in China.

Front 46

Boxer Rebellion

Back 46

1900 revolt by secret Chinese societies against outside influences.

Front 47

Gentlemen's agreement

Back 47

Allowed Japanese children to attend public schools with whites in California while Japan agreed to limit emigration to the U.S.

Front 48

Great white fleet

Back 48

1907 world cruise by an armada of the U.S. battle ships to demonstrate American naval strength.

Front 49

Foraker Act

Back 49

Established civil government in Puerto Rico with an appointed governor.

Front 50

Platt amendment

Back 50

Addendum to Cuba's constitution restricting Cuba's Independence from the U.S.

Front 51

Panama Canal

Back 51

Waterway dug across Panama to shorten the trip between the Atlantic and Pacific.

Front 52

Roosevelt corollary

Back 52

Roosevelt's addition to the Monroe doctrine which started the the U.S. would intervene in Latin Amerca in order to prevent European intervention.

Front 53

Francisco "Pancho" villa

Back 53

Mexican Guerilla and outlaw who eluded capture by General Pershing for 11 months in 1916-1917.