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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The high middle ages
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Christian church: Dominate Institution
Feudalism: main stabilizing influence in medieval society Writers and Architects: harmonize the spiritual & secular |
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the high middle ages: chivalric code
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The chivalric code: unwritten code of law for vassals
Vassal respects his lord and peers Protect week from danger Practice strength honesty & bravery Warriors to respect women Courtly love: love of lord for a lady : ennobling emotion Raised Status of women |
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Peasant Life
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slaves: lords property
Peasant life: serfs worked land in exchanging for living on land |
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The Rise of Urban Areas
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population nearly doubled
Guilds: regulate & improve economy Communes: self governing towns Women: no voice in government |
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The French Monarchy
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Most powerful feudal kingdom in Europe
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The English Monarchy
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Three events determined determined England history
Norman Invasion The MagnaCarta 1st parliament |
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Norman Invasions & the arts
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The Vikings
Successful seafarers Raids & settles northern Europe William of Normandy, Battle of Hastings, & seized England's Throne |
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Normans
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Ruling Lords of England & France introduced feudalism to England
"Doomsday Book" |
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Tower of London
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Included barracks for soldiers, weapons, & explosives
Place of Imprisonment & execution for men and women on wrong side of ruler |
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Dover Castle
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12th Century
Original earth work castle |
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Bayeux Tapestry
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20 inches high 231 feet long
Embroidery of William Normand's conquest of England Battle rages |
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The Holy Roman Empire
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lay investiture controversy : local nobility or church appoint priests, bishops, & archbishops to church offices
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The Papal Monarchy
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Simony: buying & selling church offices to highest bidder
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College of Cardinals
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Est. 1059 C.E.
Most powerful Popes: Gregory VII, Innocent III, & Pope Boniface VII |
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Christian Beliefs & Practices
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Taking seven sacraments, insured spiritual salvation, & eternal life
Hildegaard of Bingen: musical composer of morality plays, corresponded w/ major figures, & author of medieval arts and science Begging orders: Franciscans & Dominicans |
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Crusades
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Pope Urban II called Christians to capture land from Muslims
Murdered, robbed Jews, & the "unfaithful Germany", Plundered Constantinople Childrens Crusade of 1212 |
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Equilibrium between Secular & Religions
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The Classical instruction: trivium & quadrivium
Scholasticism goal: bring Aristotle's thoughts in line w/ Christian doctrine Peter Abelands goal: use reason to reconcile differences between church doctrine & biblical writings |
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Rise of Universities
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University of Paris
Thomas Aquinas= Thomism faith vs. reason debate |
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Literature
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Goliards: songs & poems performed at aristocratic courts
Chanson de geste: poems/narritives chivalric & sentimental advantages of knights & ladies Canzone: love poems sung by minstrels Composers were troubadours The lay: short narrative poem |
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Dante Alighiori
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Divine Comedy: Vergil, Beatrice, & himself major charchters
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Architecture and art
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Art: subservient to religion: no independent status
Gothic: originated in Paris France |
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First Romanesque Basilica
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Built of stone and rubble
Exterior support: banded buttresses |
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Speyer Cathedral
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Represents end of 1st Romanesque
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Church of Saint-Marie Madeleine
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Pilgrimage church
second Romanesque |
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Romanesque Churches
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Romanesque: synthesis of Roman and Christian elements
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Sermons in stone
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Pictorial Scripture carved into tympanum over church doors
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Manuscript Illumination
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Bury Bible: Byzantine and regional influences
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Gothic churches & the Arts
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Characteristics: rib vaulting, stained glass, flying buttresses
Abbot sugar created the Gothic style Piers The choir |
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Gothic Spires
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Force viewers eyes to heavens
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Early vs. high Gothic
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E.G. simple Apses / H.G. massive choirs
E.G. rounded arches/ H.G.pointed arches E.G. no sculpture / H.G. decorated themes and sculpture |
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Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris
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Integrates sculpture details into surface
Three doorways= Holy trinity Royonnant Style : Stained glass walls framed w/ Traceries |
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Second Gothic Style
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Is high Gothic style
Amiens cathedral exterior skeleton best example of high Gothic Style Conservative floor plan vs. Nortre Dames |
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Music
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Two major innovations:
Tropes: texts gave liturgical drama Polyphony: two or more lines of melody sung simultaneously |
