Chapter 9 Bio

Front 1

photosynthesis

Back 1

the sequence of events b which light energy is converted into stored chemical energy og organic molecules

Front 2

wavelength

Back 2

is the distance from one wave peak to the next

Front 3

photons

Back 3

small particles of energy the light is composed of

Front 4

ground state

Back 4

the condition of the atom in which all of its electrons are in their normal lowest energy levels

Front 5

flourescence

Back 5

the emission of light of a longer wavelength than the light orignally absorbed

Front 6

chloroplasts

Back 6

membranous organelles that are sites fo photosynthesis in eukaryotes

Front 7

mesophyll

Back 7

a laye with many air spaces and a very high concentrartion of water vapor

Front 8

stroma

Back 8

contains most of the enzymes required to produce carbohydrate molecules

Front 9

thylakoids

Back 9

a thrid system of membranes that forms an interconnected set of flat, dislike sacs

Front 10

thylakoid lumen

Back 10

the thylakoid membrane encloses a fluid-filled interior space

Front 11

grana

Back 11

stacks of thylakois sacs

Front 12

cholorphyll

Back 12

the main pigment of photosynthesis...absorbs light primarily in ble and red regions

Front 13

chlorophyll a

Back 13

the pigment that intiaties the light- dependent reactions of photosyntheis

Front 14

chlorophyll b

Back 14

an acessory pigment that also particpates in photosyntheis

Front 15

carotenoids

Back 15

pigments of yellow and orange

Front 16

absorption spectrum

Back 16

of a pigment s a plot of its absorption spectra for chlorophylls a and b

Front 17

action spectrum

Back 17

of photosynthesis is a graph of the relative efectiveness of differnt wavelengths of light

Front 18

light dependent reaction

Back 18

reactions of photosynthesis in which light energy absorbed by chlorophyll is used to synthezie ATP and NADPH

Front 19

carbon fixation

Back 19

reduction reactions of photosynthesis in which carbon from carbon dixide becomes incorporated into organgic molecules, makis carbs

Front 20

antenna complexes

Back 20

pigment molcules are organized with pigment binding proteins in the thy;koid membrane

Front 21

reaction center

Back 21

the portion of phtosystem that includes cholhyll a molecules capable of transferring electons to a primary eclectron acceptor

Front 22

phtotsystem 1

Back 22

p700..................absortbtion peak 700 nm

Front 23

photosystme 2

Back 23

absorbtion peak of about 680 ..p680

Front 24

noncyclic electon transport

Back 24

produces atp and NADPH

Front 25

phtotlysis

Back 25

light splitting of water

Front 26

cyclic electron transport

Back 26

produces atp but no NADPH

Front 27

phtotphosphorlation

Back 27

transport of electons that hav been energized by photons of light

Front 28

c4 plants

Back 28

fix co2 into a four carbon compound

Front 29

CAM plants

Back 29

initailly fix carbon at night through the formation of oxaloacetate

Front 30

chemotrophs

Back 30

obtain energy from chemicals

Front 31

heterotrophs

Back 31

organism that cannot synthezie its own food from inorgainc raw materials obtain erngy and materials from other organisms

Front 32

phototheterotrophs

Back 32

able to use light energy but unable to carry out carbon fixation and so must obtain carbon from organic compounds

Front 33

chemoautotrophs

Back 33

obtain energy from the oxidation of reduced inorgain molecules such as hydrohen sulfide