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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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-Osmosis
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- Water moves towards salt
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How do fish secrete salt?
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either through gills or urine
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- Predation
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- hunting or escaping; eat or be eaten
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camouflage
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- blending in with your surrounding
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counter-shading
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- when you have two shades; something looking down sees dark on dark, something looking up sees bright on bright.
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- bioluminescence
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- has light; mixes two chemicals and light up. Biologically produces light.
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conspicuous coloring
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- a way of saying don't mess w/ me; red black and yellow means don't mess with it; red touches yellow, kills a fellow.
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is the apex (top) of the food web
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Orca
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- Primary Producer
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- something that takes energy from the environment and makes food;most common PP photosynthesize; takes energy from sun to make sugar (food);
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- cellular respiration
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- all higher cells do cellular respiration; PHOTOSYNTHISIS IN REVERSE; release energy for growth
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3 parts of an ecosystem:
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producers
consumers decomposers |
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- Trophic level
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- Where we are in the food chain
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biomagnification of toxins
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- as you go up the food chain the concentration of toxins increases; 90% energy loss as you go up in levels.
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6 Kingdoms in life:
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- bacteria
- archeobacteria - - Eubacteria - Protista plants animals fungus |
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- Phytoplankton
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- plant plankton; microscopic; most important are diatoms, cocoliths, dinoflagellates(chptr4)
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dinoflagellates
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- don't have shells; "dino" = terrible; called terrible because they are the critters that create toxic red tides (waste product from fish); all photosynthesizes but can swim and can eat.
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- paralytic shell fish poisoning
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- being poisoned by shellfish that absorbed the toxins during red tide
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Zoloplankton
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- animal-like plankton; can be one or multi celled; some migrate and rie to surface during the night and sink before the sun comes out.
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Estuaries
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tidally influence river mouth; fragile ecosystem
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Delta
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sediment pile that's left when a river meets the ocean and sediments drops as is
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mangroves
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- Contains salt tolerant trees
- forms incredible habitat for species - protects smaller critters from larger predators by not allowing them past roots |
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Salt Marsh
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- packed with salt grass (salt tolerant grass)
- as cord grass dies it produces bacteria that feeds the environment |
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cord grass
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-slat tolerant grass
-under water at high tide - dry at low tide |
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dead zone
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stagnant water
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by-catch
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catching things in your net you didn't mean to catch
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3 types of habitats
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-litorral= between high tide & low tide; beach
-neritic= up to 650 ft; continental shelf -pelagic= deeper than 650 ft; most stable part of the ocean |
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litorral
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between high tide & low tide; beach
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neritic
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up to 650 ft; continental shelf
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pelagic
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- deeper than 650 ft; most stable part of the ocean
- not subject to to seasons because of its depth - don't know much about it |
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3 niches
(ways to make a living) |
- Planktonic - float
- Nektonic - active swimers - Benthonic - lives on or in the ocean floor |
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2 types of Plankton
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Phyto-plankton
Zoo-plankton BOTH OF THESE ARE THE "FLOATERS" |
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Phyto-plankton
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- plant; forms the basis of the food chain at the surface
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Zoo-plankton
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eats the phyto-plankton and sometimes eachother; crill & arrow crill
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nektonic
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active swimmers of the ocean; fish, squid, ect
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Benthonic
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lives on ocean floor or burrows into it
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4 types of benthonic
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- epifuana- lives on ocean floor
- infauna - burrows into ocean floor - sessile - anchored to ocean floor; coral - motile - moving around the ocean floor; crabs |
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epifuana- lives on ocean floor
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- lives on ocean floor
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infauna
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burrows into ocean floor
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- sessile -
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achored to ocean floor; coral
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motile
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- moving around the ocean floor; crabs
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buoyancy
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staying where you want to be in the water
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swim bladder
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fish's bladder; they fill this based on how what depth they want to be at in the water; scuttle fih
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