Chapter 9 Medterms

Front 1

The final act of digestion, by which organisms eliminate solid, semi-solid, or liquid waste material from the digestive tract

Back 1

Defecation

Front 2

A deficit of total body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes

Back 2

Dehydration

Front 3

A condition in which feces are discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form

Back 3

Diarrhea

Front 4

A condition in which small, bulging pouches develop in the digestive tract

Back 4

Diverticulosis

Front 5

The medical term for an outpouching of a hollow structure in the body

Back 5

Diverticulum

Front 6

A sore that develops on the lining of the duodenum

Back 6

Duodenal ulcer

Front 7

The first and shortest segment of the small intestine

Back 7

Duodenum

Front 8

Another term for indigestion

Back 8

Dyspepsia

Front 9

The medical term for the symptom of difficulty swallowing

Back 9

Dysphagia

Front 10

The state of being abnormally thin or weak

Back 10

Emaciation

Front 11

The action or process of vomiting

Back 11

Emesis

Front 12

A retardation or arrest of the passage of the intestinal contents, as from obstruction

Back 12

Enterostasis

Front 13

Dealing with the esophagus

Back 13

Esophageal

Front 14

The tube that runs from the throat to the stomach

Back 14

Esophagus

Front 15

Good or normal digestion

Back 15

Eupepsia

Front 16

The accumulation of gas in the alimentary canal

Back 16

Flatulence

Front 17

Surgical removal of a part or the whole of the stomach

Back 17

Gastrectomy

Front 18

Dealing with the stomach

Back 18

Gastric

Front 19

Herniation of the stomach

Back 19

Gastrocele

Front 20

Pain in the stomach

Back 20

Gastrodynia

Front 21

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, typically resulting from bacterial toxins or viral infection and causing vomiting and diarrhea

Back 21

Gastroenteritis

Front 22

A doctor that focuses on the digestive system and its disorders

Back 22

Gastroenterologist

Front 23

A form of gum disease that causes inflamed gums

Back 23

Gingivitis

Front 24

Dealing with the tongue

Back 24

Glossal

Front 25

Swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum and anus that cause discomfort and bleeding

Back 25

Hemorrhoid

Front 26

A surgery to remove hemorrhoids

Back 26

Hemorrhoidectomy

Front 27

A viral infection that causes inflammation of the liver

Back 27

Hepatitis

Front 28

The condition of having an enlarged liver

Back 28

Hepatomegaly

Front 29

A condition in which part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm muscle

Back 29

Hiatal hernia

Front 30

A severe type of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

Back 30

Hyperemesis

Front 31

An abnormally high blood glucose level

Back 31

Hyperglycemia

Front 32

An abnormally high concentration of fats or lipids in the blood

Back 32

Hyperlipidemia

Front 33

Situated under the tongue

Back 33

Hypoglossal

Front 34

Low blood sugar

Back 34

Hypoglycemia

Front 35

Relating to the ileum and cecum

Back 35

Ileocecal

Front 36

A stoma of the ileum

Back 36

Ileostomy

Front 37

The third portion of the small intestine, between the jejunum and the cecum

Back 37

Ileum

Front 38

Dealing with the groin

Back 38

Inguinal

Front 39

An intestinal disorder causing pain in the belly, gas, diarrhea, and constipation

Back 39

Irritable bowel syndrome

Front 40

A liver condition that causes yellowing of the skin and eyes

Back 40

Jaundice

Front 41

A stoma created from the wall of the jejunum

Back 41

Jejunostomy

Front 42

An enzyme found in the small intestine of mammals that catalyzes the breakdown of lactose into the simple sugars glucose and galactose

Back 42

Lactase

Front 43

A disaccharide sugar composed of galactose and glucose that is found in milk

Back 43

Lactose

Front 44

Substances that loosen stools and increased bowel movements

Back 44

Laxative

Front 45

A category of molecules United by their inability to mix well with water. An example, fats

Back 45

Lipids

Front 46

A condition that prevents absorption of nutrients through the small intestine

Back 46

Malabsorption syndrome

Front 47

Lack of sufficient nutrients in the body

Back 47

Malnutrition

Front 48

The set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of organisms

Back 48

Metabolism

Front 49

Relating to, producing, covered with, or the nature of mucus

Back 49

Mucous

Front 50

A slippery aqueous secretion produced by, and covering, mucous membranes

Back 50

Mucus

Front 51

A disorder involving excessive body fat that increases the risk of health problems

Back 51

Obesity

Front 52

An inflammation of the pancreas

Back 52

Pancreatitis

Front 53

The specialty of dentistry that studies supporting structures of teeth, as well as diseases and conditions that affect them

Back 53

Periodontics

Front 54

Inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal wall and covering the abdominal organs

Back 54

Peritonitis

Front 55

The membrane lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus

Back 55

Pharynx

Front 56

Increased fluid intake because of pathologically excessive thirst

Back 56

Polydipsia

Front 57

The medical term used to describe excessive hunger or increased appetite. One of the three main signs of diabetes

Back 57

Polyphagia

Front 58

Production of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine

Back 58

Polyuria

Front 59

Radiographic examination of the salivary glands

Back 59

Sialography

Front 60

A condition that causes painful swelling and sores inside of the mouth

Back 60

Stomatitis

Front 61

A sore that develops on the lining of the esophagus, stomach, or small intestine

Back 61

Ulcer

Front 62

A surgical procedure that involves removing part of the vagus nerve

Back 62

Vagotomy

Front 63

The internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially those in the abdomen

Back 63

Viscera