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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absolute Stimulus Control
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when operant responses are regulated by the physical properties of one stimulus (e.g. a red light)
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Anticipatory Contrast
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The strong contrast effect distinguishes the weak elicited responding evoked by the preceding schedule from the schedule that generates strong contrast which increases as training progresses
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Behavioral Contrast
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a negative relationship between the response rates on the two componetnt of a multiple schedule - as one goes up the other goes down.
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Controlling Stimulus (S)
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A stimulus or event that changes the probability of operant behavior. [Sd; S delta; S ave]
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Delayed Matching to Sample
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on a matching to sample task, the comparison stimuli are presented some time after the sample stimulus is turned off.
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Differential Response
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When an organism makes a response in one situation but not in another
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Discrimination
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When an organism makes a differential response to two or more stimuli or events
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Conditional Discrimination
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When a resposne is made for a specific stimulus (e.g. saying "8" when shown a flash card that says 3+5 = ___ )
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Discrimination Index (Id)
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Way to measure the stimulus control exerted by the Sd and S delta at any moment.
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Errorless Discrimination
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method where the trainer/teacher does not allow the organism to make mistakes by reponding to the extinction stimulus.
Terrace (1963) |
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Generalization Gradient
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shows the relationship between probability of response and stimulus value.
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Positive Contrast
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occurs when rate of response in an unchanged component of a multiple schedule increases with a decline in behavior in the other schedule.
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Negative Contrast
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when rate of response declines on the unaltered schedule and an increase in behavior occurs in the other component of the multiple schedule.
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Matching to Sample
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A procedure used to investigate recognation of stimuli.
A bird attends to a sample and pecks the sample. then the bird pecks the comparision stimulus that corresponds with the sample. |
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Multiple Schedule
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Two or more basis schedules (CRF, FR, FI, VI, VR) presented sequentially in which each link ends with primary reinforcement or extinction.
Component schedules are signaled by discriminative stimuli. |
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Peak shift
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A shift in the peak of generalization gradient away from an extinction stimulus (S delta).
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Relative stimulus control
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when an organism responds to differences among the values of two or more stimuli
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Remembering
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used to refer to the effect of some event on behavior after the passage of time
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Retention interval
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the time between the offset of the sample stimulus and the onset of the comparision stimuli
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Stimulus control
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a change in operant behavior that occurs when either an Sd or an S delta is presented.
When an Sd is presented, probability of repsonse increases; when an S delta is given probability of response decreases. |
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Stimulus generalization
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when an operant that has been reinforced in the presence or a specific discriminative stimulus also is emitted in the presence of other stimuli
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Successive discrimination
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procedure used to train differential responding; the researcher arranges the presentation of the Sd and S delta so that one follows the other
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Superstitious behavior
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behavior that is accidentally reinforced
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