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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Handel
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Wrote the oratio, "The Messiah"
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Bach
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Composed famous church music in the 1720s
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Wesley
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Founder of the Methodists
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Mesmer
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Made beginning steps in the discovery of hypnosis, later found to be unfoundational
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Emilie du Chatelet
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French writer who translated Newton and explained the significance of the new theories in her scientific essays
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Madanle de Geoffrin
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Woman who ran a famous French salon for philosophes
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Helvetius
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Wrote, "On the Mind" and "On Man," and held grand entertainments
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Voltaire
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Famous French philosophe who wrote many works criticizing accepted beliefs and establishments, yet cherished culture and society
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Rousseau
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Swiss philosophe who strongly criticized society as corrupt and supported radical democracy
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Montesquieu
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French philosophe who supported and promulgated the idea of separation & balance of powers
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Quesnay
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Physiocrat and physician to Louis XV; supported the idea of "laissez-faire" economics
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Smith
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Wrote and published "The Wealth of Nations" and said one could increase national wealth by reducing the barriers that hindered its growth
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Condorcet
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French salonniere who became a writer and translated Adam Smith; her salon was a place of liberal refuge and opposition during the reign of Napoleon
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Mesmerism
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Early form of hypnosis, discovered and practiced by the Austrian physician, F. A. Mesmer
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Freemasonry
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People who held typical Enlightenment view, who met secretly and are shrouded in mystery
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Illuminati
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A deviant offshoot of the Freemasons from south Germany considered so dangerous that the Bavarian government suppressed it in 1786
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The Spirit of Laws
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Montesquieu's great work which had two points: forms of government varied depending on climate and circumstances, and the balance/separation of powers
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the General Will
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Discussed in Rousseau's "The Social Contract"; in other words, it is majority rule
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separation of powers
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Idea promoted by Montesquieu; power divided between the king and many intermediate bodies
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Physiocrats
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Economist thinkers, many of whom supported the idea of laissez-faire economics
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the idea of progress
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The main agent of progress was, thought, by Enlightenment thinkers, to be the state and therefore progress depended on government
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