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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chromosome
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in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA
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histone
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a type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells
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chromatid
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of of the two strands of the chromosome tha holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
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chromatin
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the material that makes up both mitotic and interphase chromosomes; a complex of proteins and DNA strands that are loosely coiled in such that translation and transcription can occur
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sex chromosome
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on of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
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autosome
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any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
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homologous chromosomes
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chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during mitosis
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karyotype
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a micrograph of the array of chromosomes visible in a cell during metaphase; a graphical display that shows an individual's chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size
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diploid
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a cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes
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haploid
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describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
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Centromere
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the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
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