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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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scurvy |
vitamin C deficiency weakness, fatigue, slow wound healing, opening of wounds, bone pain, fractures, sore & bleeding gums, diarrhea, pinpoint hemorrhages on skin |
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rickets |
vitamin D deficiency poor mineralization of newly synthesized bones because of low calcium content babies and kids |
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chlorosis |
iron anemia pale or green skin, weakness, fatigue, shortness of breath also called hypochromic anemia |
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micronutrient |
nutrient needed in milligrams or micrograms |
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vitamin |
essential organic compound needed in small amounts in diet to help regulate & support chemical processes |
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fat-soluble vitamins |
vitamins that dissolve in fat but not water vitamins A, D, E, K |
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water soluble vitamins |
vitamins that dissolve in water vitamins B, C & choline B vitamins: thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin B-6, folic acid, vitamin B-12 |
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megadose |
intake of nutrient beyond estimates of needs to prevent deficiency 2 to 10 times human needs |
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bioavailability |
degree to which nutrient is digested & absorbed and available to body |
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tissue saturation |
limited storage capacity of water-soluble vitamins in tissues |
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mineral |
element used in body to promote chemical reactions and to form body structures |
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major mineral |
vital to health, required in amounts > 100 mg per day |
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trace mineral |
vital to health, required in amounts < 100 mg per day |
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ultratrace mineral |
mineral in diet but not essential |
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phytic acid |
plant fibers that bind positive ions to phosphate groups |
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oxalic acid |
organic acid in spinach, rhubarb, sweet potatoes that can depress absorption of certain minerals (ie calcium) |
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enzyme |
compound that speeds the rate of a chemical reaction but not altered by reaction probably a protein |
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cofactor |
substance that binds to specific region on protein, such as an enzyme, & is necessary for protein function |
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coenzyme |
compound that combines with inactive enzyme to form catalytically active form aid in enzyme function |
