Chapter 8 Flashcards

Front 1

Tecumseh

Back 1

a famous chief of the Shawnee who tried to unite Indian tribes against the increasing white settlement (1768-1813)

Front 2

Louisiana Purchase

Back 2

territory in the western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million; extends from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada

Front 3

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Back 3

an expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States; led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark; traveled from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River from 1803 to 1806

Front 4

Barbary States (Barbary War)

Back 4

The Barbary Coast, or Barbary, was the term used by Europeans from the 16th until the 19th century to refer to the Maghreb, the middle and western coastal regions of North Africa—what is now Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya. The name is derived from the Berber people of north Africa.

Front 5

Marbury v. Madison

Back 5

Marbury v. Madison, is a landmark case in United States law. It formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution.

Front 6

Judicial Review

Back 6

review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court

Front 7

Fletcher vs Peck

Back 7

Fletcher v. Peck, , was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision. It was one of the first cases in which the Supreme Court ruled a state law unconstitutional.

Front 8

Jeffersonian Republicanism

Back 8

the set of political goals that were named after Thomas Jefferson. It dominated American politics in the years 1800-1820s. It is contrasted with Jacksonian democracy, which dominated the next political era.

Front 9

John Randolph

Back 9

(1727 - January 31, 1784) was a lawyer from Williamsburg in the British colony of Virginia. He served as king's attorney for Virginia from 1766 until he left for Britain at the outset of the American Revolution.

Front 10

Aaron Burr

Back 10

United States politician who served as vice president under Jefferson; he mortally wounded his political rival Alexander Hamilton in a duel and fled south (1756-1836)

Front 11

John Quincy Adams

Back 11

(July 11, 1767 - February 23, 1848) was the sixth President of the United States from March 4, 1825, to March 4, 1829. He was also an American diplomat and served in both the Senate and House of Representatives.

Front 12

Peaceable Coercion

Back 12

Jefferson, and after him Madison, had believed that every European aggressor could be restrained and brought to reason by what they called " peaceable coercion."

Front 13

Status of the Slave Trade

Back 13

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Front 14

Daniel Boone

Back 14

an American pioneer and guide and explorer (1734-1820)

Front 15

Battle of Horseshoe Bend

Back 15

The Battle of Horseshoe Bend (also known as Tohopeka, Cholocco Litabixbee or The Horseshoe), was fought during the War of 1812 in central Alabama.

Front 16

Albert Gallatin

Back 16

(January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849) was a Swiss-American ethnologist, linguist, politician, diplomat, Congressman, and the longest-serving United States Secretary of the Treasury. He was also a founder of New York University.

Front 17

Timothy Pickering

Back 17

(July 17, 1745 - January 29, 1829) was a politician from Massachusetts who served in a variety of roles, most notably as the third United States Secretary of State, serving in that office from 1795 to 1800 under Presidents George Washington and John Adams.

Front 18

John Marshall

Back 18

United States jurist; as chief justice of the Supreme Court he established the principles of United States constitutional law (1755-1835

Front 19

Election of 1800

Back 19

In the United States Presidential election of 1800, sometimes referred to as the "Revolution of 1800," Vice President Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent president John Adams.

Front 20

Non-Intercourse Act

Back 20

In the last four days of President Thomas Jefferson's presidency, the United States Congress replaced the Embargo Act of 1807 with the almost unenforceable Non-Intercourse Act of March 1809. This Act lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports.

Front 21

Orders in Council

Back 21

a type of legislation in many countries, typically those in the Commonwealth of Nations. In the United Kingdom this legislation is formally made in the name of the Queen by the Privy Council (Queen-in-Council), but in other countries the terminology may vary.

Front 22

Jefferson’s presidential goals

Back 22

Thomas Jefferson's goal as president was to restore the principles of the American Revolution.

Front 23

Berlin and Milan Decrees

Back 23

Both decrees, issued by Napoleon of France, stated that no European country was to trade with the United Kingdom. It eventually led to economic ruin for France, while little happened to the economy of Britain, which had control of the Atlantic Ocean trade.

Front 24

The Quids

Back 24

The tertium quids (sometimes shortened to quids) refers to different factions of the United States Democratic-Republican Party during the period 1804–1812. In Latin, the term means "a third something".

Front 25

War Hawks

Back 25

War Hawk is a term originally used to describe members of the United States Judiciary branch of the Twelfth Congress of the United States who advocated waging war against the United Kingdom in the War of 1812.

Front 26

John Calhoun

Back 26

John C. Calhoun, seventh Vice President of the United States, U.S. Senator

Front 27

Macon’s Bill Number Two

Back 27

was intended to motivate Britain and France to stop seizing American vessels during the Napoleonic Wars.

Front 28

Embargo Act

Back 28

was a bill that banned trade between the United States of America and other nations. The bill also prevented many ships from leaving American ports thus hindering exploration efforts.

Front 29

Andrew Jackson

Back 29

(March 15, 1767June 8, 1845) was the seventh President of the United States (1829-1837). He was military governor of Florida (1821), commander of the American forces at the Battle of New Orleans (1815), and eponym of the era of Jacksonian democracy.

Front 30

John Paul Jones

Back 30

American naval commander in the American Revolution (1747-1792

Front 31

Jefferson’s stance on slavery

Back 31

Thomas Jefferson's views on slavery were well established when he signed the declaration of independence. However, there is much debate over his actual beliefs because he owned nearly two hundred slaves who worked his plantation.

Front 32

Louisiana Government Bill

Back 32

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Front 33

Oliver Hazard Perry

Back 33

United States commodore who led the fleet that defeated the British on Lake Erie during the War of 1812; brother of Matthew Calbraith Perry (1785-1819)

Front 34

William Henry Harrison

Back 34

(February 9, 1773 – April 4, 1841) was the ninth President of the United States, an American military officer and politician, and the first president to die in office.

Front 35

Francis Scott Key

Back 35

United States lawyer and poet who wrote a poem after witnessing the British attack on Baltimore during the War of 1812; the poem was later set to music and entitled `The Star-Spangled Banner' (1779-1843)

Front 36

Chesapeake Incident

Back 36

In the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair, also referred to as the Chesapeake Affair, which occurred on June 22, 1807, the British fourth-rate warship attacked and boarded the American frigate

Front 37

War Hawks

Back 37

War Hawk is a term originally used to describe members of the United States Judiciary branch of the Twelfth Congress of the United States who advocated waging war against the United Kingdom in the War of 1812.

Front 38

Hartford Convention

Back 38

The Hartford Convention was an event in 1814-1815 in the United States during the War of 1812 in which New England's opposition to the war reached the point where secession from the United States was discussed.