Female Reproductive System

Front 1

arche/o

Back 1

first, beginning

Front 2

cervic/o

Back 2

cervix

Front 3

colp/o

vagin/o

Back 3

vagina

Front 4

culd/o

Back 4

cul-de-sac

Front 5

episi/o

vulv/o

Back 5

vulva

Front 6

gynec/o

gyn/o

Back 6

woman

Front 7

hymen/o

Back 7

hymen

Front 8

hyster/o

metr/o

metr/i

Back 8

uterus

Front 9

mamm/o

mast/o

Back 9

breast

Front 10

men/o

Back 10

menstruation

Front 11

oophor/o

Back 11

ovary

Front 12

perine/o

Back 12

perineum

Front 13

salping/o

Back 13

uterine tube (fallopian tube)

Front 14

peri-

Back 14

surrounding (outer)

Front 15

-atresia

Back 15

absence of normal body opening

occlusion

closure

Front 16

-salpinx

Back 16

uterine tube (fallopian tube)

Front 17

adenomyosis

Back 17

growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus

Front 18

breast cancer

Back 18

malignant tumor or the breast

Front 19

cervical cancer

Back 19

malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cervical dysplasia to carcinoma. Its cause is linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Front 20

endometrial cancer

Back 20

malignant tumor of the endometrium

also called uterine cancer

Front 21

endometriosis

Back 21

abnormal condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus in various areas in the pelvic cavity, including ovaries, uterine tubes, intestines, and uterus.

Front 22

fibrocystic breast condition

FCC

Back 22

disorder characterized by benign cysts in one or both breasts; may cause discomfort (also called fibrocystic breast disease)

Front 23

fibroid tumor

Back 23

benign tumor of the uterine muscle (also called myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma)

Front 24

pelvic inflammatory disease

PID

Back 24

inflammation of some of all of the female pelvic organs; can be caused by many different pathogens. If untreated, the infection may spread upward from the vagina involving the uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries, and other pelvic organs. An ascending infection may result in infertility and, in acute cases, fatal septicemia

Front 25

prolapsed uterus

Back 25

downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina also called hysteroptosis

Front 26

toxic shock syndrome

TSS

Back 26

severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia, followed by hypotension and in severe cases shock and death; usually affects menstruating women using tampons. Caused by staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes.

Front 27

vesicovaginal fistula

Back 27

abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina

Front 28

total hysterectomy

Back 28

excision of the uterus (abdominal, vaginal, or laparoscopic)

Front 29

bilateral hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy

Back 29

excision of the uterus, ovaries, and uterine tubes

Front 30

radical hysterectomy

Back 30

excision of the uterus, ovaries, uterine tubes; lymph nodes, upper portion of the vagina, and the surrounding tissues (abdominal)

Front 31

laparoscopically-assisted vaginal hysterectomy

Back 31

vaginal excision of the uterus with the use of the laparoscope to view the abdominopelvic cavity

Front 32

radical masectomy

Back 32

removal of breast tissue, nipple, lymph nodes, and underlying chest wall muscle; also called Halsted mastectomy (rarely performed)

Front 33

modified radical mastectomy

Back 33

removal of breast tissue, nipple, and lymph nodes

Front 34

simple mastectomy

Back 34

removal of breast tissue and nipple (also called total mastectomy)

Front 35

subcutaneous mastectomy

Back 35

removal of breast tissue only, preserving the overlying skin, nipple, and areola (also called nipple-sparing mastectomy)

Front 36

segmental mastectomy

Back 36

removal of quadrant, or wedge, of breast tissue (also called quadrantectomy)

Front 37

lumpectomy

Back 37

removal of the cancerous lesion along with a margin of surrounding healthy breast tissue (also called partial mastectomy or breast- conserving surgery)

Front 38

anterior and posterior colporrhaphy

(A&H repair)

Back 38

surgical repair of weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele (protrusion of the bladder against the anterior wall of the vagina) and a rectocele (protrusion of the rectum against the posterior wall of the vagina)

Front 39

conization

Back 39

surgical removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix; used in the treatment for noninvasive cervical cancer (also called cone biopsy)

Front 40

dilation and curettage

D&C

Back 40

surgical procedure to widen the cervix and scrape the endometrium with an instrument called a curette. It is performed to diagnose disease, to correct bleeding, and to empty uterine contents, such as tissue remaining after a miscarriage.

Front 41

endometrial ablation

Back 41

procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser, electrical, or thermal energy; used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding

Front 42

laparoscopy

Laparoscopic surgery

Back 42

visual examination of the abdominopelvic cavity, accomplished by inserting a laparoscope through a tiny incision near the umbilicus. Numerous female reproductive system surgeries are performed with this technique

Front 43

myomectomy

Back 43

excision of a fibroid tumor (myoma) from the uterus

Front 44

sentinel lymph node biopsy

Back 44

injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope used to identify the sentinel lymph node(s), the first in the axillary chain and most likely to contain metastasis of breast cancer. The nodes are removed and microscopically examined. If negative, no more nodes are removed.

Front 45

stereotactic breast biopsy

Back 45

technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion

Front 46

tubal ligation

Back 46

closure of the uterine tubes for sterilization by tying (ligation) (the broader term "tubal sterilization" includes cauterizing the cut ends) also called tying of tubes

Front 47

uterine artery embolization

UAE

Back 47

minimally invasive procedure used to treat fibroids of the uterus by blocking arteries that supply blood to the fibroids. First, an arterigram is used to identify the vessels. Once identified, tiny gelatin beads, about the size of grains of sand, are inserted into the vessels to create a blockage. The blockage stops the blood supply to the fibroids causing them to shrink.

Front 48

hysterosalpingogram

Back 48

radiographic image of the uterus and uterine tubes (after and injection of a contrast agent)

Front 49

mammogram

Back 49

radiographic imaging of the breast

Front 50

mammography

Back 50

readiographic imaging of the breast (also called digital mammography when images are obtained electronically and viewed on a computer)

Front 51

sonohysterography

SHG

Back 51

process of recording the uterus by use of sound (an ultra sound procedure)

Front 52

colposcope

Back 52

instrument used for visual examination of the vagina (and cervix)

Front 53

colposcopy

Back 53

visual examination (with a magnified view) of vagina (cervix)

Front 54

culdoscope

Back 54

instrument used for visual examination of Douglas cul-de-sac (rictouterine pouch)

Front 55

culdoscopy

Back 55

visual examination f Douglas cud-de-sac (rectouterine pouch)

Front 56

hysteroscope

Back 56

instrument used for visual examination of the uterus (uterine cavity)

Front 57

hysteroscopy

Back 57

visual examination of the uterus (uterine cavity)

Front 58

transvaginal sonography

TVS

Back 58

ultrasound procedure that uses transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, cervix, uterine tubes, and surrounding structures; used to diagnose masses such as ovarian cysts or tumors, to monitor pregnancy, and to evaluate ovulation for the treatment of infertility

Front 59

CA- (cancer antigen- tumor marker)

Back 59

blood test used in the detection of ovarian cancer. It is also used to monitor treatment and to determine the extent of the disease

Front 60

Pap smear

Back 60

cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions used to determine the presence of abnormal or cancerous cells; most commonly used to detect cancers of the cervix (also called Papanicolaou smear and Pap test)

Front 61

contraception

Back 61

intentional prevention of conception; may also be referred to as birth control BC

Front 62

dyspareunia

Back 62

difficult or painful intercourse

Front 63

fistula

Back 63

abnormal passageway between two organs or between an internal organ and body surface

Front 64

hormone replacement therapy

HRT

Back 64

replacement of hormones, estrogen and/or progesterone, to treat symptoms associated with menopause

Front 65

menopause

Back 65

cessati-on of menstruation, usually around the ages of 48-53; may be induced at an earlier age surgically or medically

Front 66

premenstrual syndrome

PMS

Back 66

syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occurring in the ten days before menstruation. Symptoms include nervous tension, irritability, mastalgia, edema, and headache

Front 67

speculum

Back 67

instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection.