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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Initially, what did members of Congress feel nervous about? |
Creating a strong central government. |
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What was the first plan of government called? |
The Articles of Confederation. |
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What powers did it give to Congress? |
The power to declare war, raise an army and a navy, print money, and set up a postal system. |
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What was the original purpose of the Constitutional Convention of 1787? |
To revise the Articles of Confederation. |
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What were the terms of the Land Ordinance of 1785? |
Western lands were divided into 6 square mile townships which were divided into 36 640 acre sections all of which but one would be sold to settlers. One would support the township's public schools. |
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What was the Northwest Territory? |
It was the land between the Ohio and Mississippi River and the Great Lakes. |
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How did the United States acquire this land? |
It was the region acquired in the Treaty of Paris. |
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What was one of the terms of the Northwest Ordinance? (1 of 4) |
When a territory had 5,000 free adult males it could elect its own legislature. |
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What is another of the terms of the Northwest Ordinance? (2 of 4) |
When the population reached 60,000, the territory could apply to Congress to become a state. |
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What is another of the terms of the Northwest Ordinance? (3 of 4) |
Settlers were given the same privileges as other citizens except for one. |
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What is another of the terms of the Northwest Ordinance? (4 or 4) |
Slavery was banned. |
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What were the money problems of the new government? |
The paper money printed by Congress was worthless. Congress had the power to make coins but lacked the gold or silver to mint them. |
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Who was the money shortage particularly hard on? |
Farmers |
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Why was the money shortage particularly hard on this group? |
They could not earn enough to pay their debts and taxes. |
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Who led the farmers in Massachusetts in a rebellion? |
Daniel Shays |
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Shays's Rebellion shocked Congress into doing what? |
Calling the Constitutional Convention to revise the Articles of Confederation. |
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Who presided over the Constitutional Convention? |
George Washington. |
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How many delegates attended the convention? |
55 |
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The delegates represented how many states? |
12 |
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Which state was not represented? |
Rhode Island |
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Why did this state boycott the convention? |
They feared a strong national government. |
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Who is called the Father of the Constitution? |
James Madison |
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To what were the delegates committed? |
The ideals of the Declaration of Independence which promised the right to liberty and equality. |
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The delegates agreed that the best way to protect the rights promised in the Declaration of Independence was to establish a what? |
A republic. |
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What is a republic? |
A country governed by elected officials. |
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After a debate, what did the delegates decide to do? |
They decided to throw out the Articles of Confederation and write a Constitution. |
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The debate was where should the power to rule come from. What were the two sides to this issue? |
The states or the people. |
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From whom did James Madison say the power to rule should come? |
The people. |
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Both the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan called for how many branches of government? |
3 |
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What was the size of the state who favored the Virginia Plan? |
Large states favored this plan. |
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What was the size of the state who favored the New Jersey Plan? |
Small states favored this plan. |
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How would representation be based in the Virginia Plan? |
Representation would be based on population under this plan. |
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How would representation be based in the New Jersey Plan? |
Each state would have equal representation under this plan. |
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Congress would be made up of how many houses? |
2 |
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What are the houses of Congress called? |
The Senate and the House of Representatives. |
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What did Roger Sherman propose? |
The Great Compromise |
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What did the Great Compromise specify? |
Each state would have 2 senators but representation in the House of Representatives would be based on population. |
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How did Southerners want slaves to be counted? |
Just as any other person. |
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How did Northerners want slaves to be counted? |
As property that could be taxed like any other property. |
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What was the Three Fifths Compromise? |
Slaves would be counted as 3/5's of a person when determining a state's population. |
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What other compromises were made regarding slavery? |
Congress couldn't interfere with the slave trade for 20 years and the fugitive slave clause was agreed upon. |
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What did the Fugitive Slave Clause say? |
Escaped slaves would be returned to their owners. |
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Why did the delegates decide to have one leader in the government with a term of 4 years? |
To prevent the leader from becoming too king-like. |
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How was it decided that the chief executive would be chosen? |
By the special electors from each state called the electoral college. |
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In order for it to be ratified, how many states had to approve the Constitution? |
9 |
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When was the Constitution declared complete? |
September 17, 1787 |
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What is meant by a federal system of government or federalism? |
A strong national government that shares its power with the states. |
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What is the name given to those who support the Constitution? |
Federalists. |
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What is the name given to those who do not support the Constitution? |
Anti-Federalists |
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What was the greatest concern of the Anti-Federalists? |
They feared giving up state power to form a stronger Union. |
