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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stereotypes (what are they)
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fundamental cog process in mainstream psych that is directly linked to intergroup relations (gender and race v important examples)
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Stereotypes (what are they)
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fundamental cog process in mainstream psych that is directly linked to intergroup relations (gender and race v important examples)
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How doe sBrigham define stereotypes?
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generalization made about an ethnic group concerning trait attribution which is considered unjustified by an observer.
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Katz and Braly on stereotypes (experiment)
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rigid impressions conforming very little to facts. got people to associate traits to images of ethnic people -- then whatever was chosen in popularity became stereotype.
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What is Taylor's definition of a sterotype?
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consensus among members of one group regarding attributes of other group
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Hamilton's definition of stereotype
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schema about members of an identifiable group
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Out Group Homogeneity effect
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one's perception fo outgroup being more similar to one another than are in group members.
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When are stereotypes good?
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When the group perceives the attribute as positive and true.
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Self serving bias -- what is it
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tendency to attribute positive events to their own character but negative events to external factors.
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Fundamental Attribution Error (in context of intergroup)
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Pettigrew --> tendency to emphasize internal causes for other people's beh. (or groups)
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Discrimination
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beh directed at a person on the basis of his or her category membership (in a negative manner and without the consent of the group they are acting against)
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Stereotypes (what are they)
|
fundamental cog process in mainstream psych that is directly linked to intergroup relations (gender and race v important examples)
|
|
|
How doe sBrigham define stereotypes?
|
generalization made about an ethnic group concerning trait attribution which is considered unjustified by an observer.
|
|
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Katz and Braly on stereotypes (experiment)
|
rigid impressions conforming very little to facts. got people to associate traits to images of ethnic people -- then whatever was chosen in popularity became stereotype.
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What is Taylor's definition of a sterotype?
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consensus among members of one group regarding attributes of other group
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Hamilton's definition of stereotype
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schema about members of an identifiable group
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Out Group Homogeneity effect
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one's perception fo outgroup being more similar to one another than are in group members.
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When are stereotypes good?
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When the group perceives the attribute as positive and true.
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Self serving bias -- what is it
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tendency to attribute positive events to their own character but negative events to external factors.
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Fundamental Attribution Error (in context of intergroup)
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Pettigrew --> tendency to emphasize internal causes for other people's beh. (or groups)
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Discrimination
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beh directed at a person on the basis of his or her category membership (in a negative manner and without the consent of the group they are acting against)
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What is the Maori children and black children wanting to play with white dolls an example of?
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low self esteem in groups which is probbaly due to discrimination
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Why isn't there pervasive self esteem in disadvantaged groups then (according to Major and Crocker)?
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They attribute negative feedback to discrimination and postiive feedback to own accomplishments
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What did Major and Crocker's experiement on black people and feedback show?
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Feedback was more liekly to be attribute to discrimination when it was negative, the blinds were up, and the shite subject woudl see them. Self-esteem decreased when they coudl not eb seen by the shite student but did not decrease when they could be seen.
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How is discrimination rated by disadvantaged individuals?
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higher as a group than individually
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What ae the 3 occupations of the American Persona?
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war and peace, bread and butter, black and white.
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What are the three hypotheses of integroup contact
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it is illusory, it is different from in group interaction, and ind define themselves, the other person and the context in other than intergroup terms.
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Bellerose and Taylor on Illusion of Contact
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High interactions of in-group, stick to their own. (French and English speakers in uni of McGill)
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Bellerose and Taylor on Quality of Contact
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same pattern emerged as in illusion of contact. Interactions btw ingroup were more intimate and important. BUT all interactions were agreeable.
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Denial of Tensions (2)
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An individual may not acknowledge any tension btw groups, individuals acknowledge tension but do not interpret the tension as a conflict.
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Dissociation in intergroup contact
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1. defining the relationship so that ethnic identity is salient, 2. Perceiving one member of an ethnic group as "different" (fence mending/exceptional case)
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Bellerose and Taylor on Decategorization
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Both anglophones and francophones avoided defining their interactions in ethnic group terms.
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What is minority group assimilation
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one way process in which groups are forced to abandon heritage and take on majority culture.
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What is melting pot assimilation?
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Give and take between minority and majority groups. Two become one new culture.
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What is multiculturalism?
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unity through diversity, proposed by Trudeau 1971, only when you feel comfortable with own identity can you be open to outgroup.
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Brewer's optimal distinctiveness theory
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optimal balance is achieved between an ind needs for assimilation and differentiation -- leading to balanced multiculturalism.
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