Chapter 8

Front 1

afferent (sensory) neuron

Back 1

Neuron that carries infromation from the sensory recptors to the central nervous system.

Front 2

arachnoid

Back 2

Middle layer of meninges

Front 3

astrocyte, astroglia

Back 3

A type of neuroglia that maintains nutrient and chemical levels in neurons

Front 4

autonomic nervous system

Back 4

Part of the peripheral nervous system that carries impulses from the central nervous system to glands, smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and various membranes

Front 5

axon

Back 5

Part of a nerve cell that conducts nerve impulses

Front 6

basal ganglia

Back 6

Large masses of gray matter within the cerbrum

Front 7

brain

Back 7

Body organ responsible for controlling the body's functions and interactions with outside stimuli

Front 8

brainstem

Back 8

One of the four major divisions of the brain; division that controls certain heart, lung, and visual functions

Front 9

cell body

Back 9

Part of a nerve cell that has brances or fibers taht reac out to send or receive impulses.

Front 10

central nervous system (CNS)

Back 10

The brain and spinal cord

Front 11

cerebellum

Back 11

One of the four major division of the brain; division that coordinates musculoskeletal movement

Front 12

cerebral cortex

Back 12

Outer portion of the cerebrum

Front 13

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Back 13

Watery fluid that flows throughout the brain and around the spinal cord

Front 14

cerebrum

Back 14

One of the four major divisions of teh brain; division involved with emotions, memory, conscious thought, moral behavior, sensory interpretations, and certain bodily movement.

Front 15

conductivity

Back 15

Ability to transmit a signal

Front 16

convolutions

Back 16

folds in the cerebral cortex; gyri

Front 17

corpus callosum

Back 17

Bridge of nerve fibers taht connects the two hemispheres of the cerebrum

Front 18

cranial nerves

Back 18

Any of 12 pairs of nerves that carry impulses to and from the brain

Front 19

dendrite

Back 19

A thin branching extension of a nerve cell that conducts nerve impulses toward the cell body.

Front 20

diencephalon

Back 20

one of the four major structures of the brain; it is the deep portion of the brain and contains the thalamus.

Front 21

dura mater

Back 21

outermost layer of meninges

Front 22

efferent (motor) neuron

Back 22

Neuron that carries information to the muscles and glands from the central nervous system

Front 23

epidural space

Back 23

Area between the pia matter and the bones of the spinal cord

Front 24

epithalamus

Back 24

One of the parts of the diencephalon; serves as a sensory relay station

Front 25

fissure

Back 25

one of the four parts of each hemisphere of the cerebrum

Front 26

hypothalamus

Back 26

One of te parts of the diencephalon; serve as a sensory relay station

Front 27

interneuron

Back 27

Neuron that carris and processes sensory information

Front 28

medulla oblongata

Back 28

part of teh brain stem that regulates heart and lung functions, swallowing, vomiting, coughing and sneezing

Front 29

meninges

Back 29

Three layers of membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord

Front 30

microglia

Back 30

A type of neuroglia that removes debirs

Front 31

myelin sheath

Back 31

Fatty tissue that covers axons

Front 32

nerve

Back 32

Bundle of neurons that bear eectrical messages to the organs and muscles of the body.

Front 33

nerve cell

Back 33

Basic cell of the nervous system having three parts; cell body, dendrite, and axon; neuron.

Front 34

neurotransmitters

Back 34

Various substances located in tiny spaces located at the end of the axon

Front 35

parasympathetic nervous system

Back 35

Part of the autonomic nervous system that operates when the body is in a normal state

Front 36

pia matter

Back 36

Innermost layer of meninges

Front 37

pons

Back 37

part of the brainstem that controls certain respiratory functions.

Front 38

somatic nervous system

Back 38

Part of the peripheral nervous system taht receive and pocesses sensory input from various parts of the body

Front 39

sympathetic nervous system

Back 39

part of the autonomic nervous system that operates when the body is under stress

Front 40

synapse

Back 40

Space over which nerve impulses jump from one neuron to another

Front 41

cerebello

Back 41

cerebellum

Front 42

cerebr(o), cerebri

Back 42

cerebrum

Front 43

crani(o)

Back 43

cranium

Front 44

encephal(o)

Back 44

brain

Front 45

gangli(o)

Back 45

ganglion

Front 46

gli(o)

Back 46

neuroglia

Front 47

mening(o), meningi(o)

Back 47

meninges

Front 48

myel(o)

Back 48

bone marrow, spinal cord

Front 49

neur(o), neuri

Back 49

nerve

Front 50

vag(o)

Back 50

vagus nerve

Front 51

Babinski's reflex

Back 51

reflex on the planter surface of the foot.

Front 52

cerebral angiogram

Back 52

X-ray of the brain's blood vesels after a dye is injected

Front 53

computerized (axial) tomography

Back 53

Radiographic imaging that produces cross-sectional images.

Front 54

electroencephalogram

Back 54

Record of the electrical impulses of the brain

Front 55

encephalogram

Back 55

Record of the radiographic study of the ventricles of the brain

Front 56

evoked potentials

Back 56

Record of the electrical wave patterns observed in an EEG

Front 57

myelogrm

Back 57

X-Ray of the spinal cord after a contrast medium has been injected

Front 58

polysomnography

Back 58

Recording of electrical and movement patterns during sleep

Front 59

amyotrophic lateral sclorosis

Back 59

Degenerative disease of the motor neurons leading to loss of muscular control and death.

Front 60

aphasia

Back 60

Loss of speech

Front 61

hydrocephalus

Back 61

Overproduction of fluid in the brain.

Front 62

oligodendroglioma

Back 62

Type of glioma formed from oligodendroglia