Chapter 8

Front 1

Amenorhhea

Back 1

The absence or cessation of the menstrual period. Normally occurs before puberty, during pregnancy,and after menopause.

Front 2

Cervix

Back 2

The lower narrow end of the uterus that opens into the vagina

Front 3

Colposcopy

Back 3

Examination of the cervix using a colposcope (a lighted instrument with a magnifying lens)

Front 4

Dysmenorrhea

Back 4

Pain associated with the menstrual period.

Front 5

Dyspareunia

Back 5

Pain in the vagina or pelvis experienced by a woman during sexual intercourse.

Front 6

Dysplasia

Back 6

The growth of abnormal cells. It is a precancerous condition that may or may not develop into cancer.

Front 7

Effacement

Back 7

The thinning and shortening of the cervical canal from its normal length of 1 to 2 cm to a structure with paper thin edges in which there is no canal at all.

Front 8

Embryo

Back 8

The child in utero from the time of conception to the beginning of the first trimester

Front 9

Fetus

Back 9

The child in utero from the third month after conception to birth

Front 10

Fundus

Back 10

The dome-shaped upper portion of the uterus between the fallopian tubes.

Front 11

Gestation

Back 11

The period of intrauterine development from conception to birth

Front 12

Gravidity

Back 12

The total number of pregnancies a woman has had regardless of duration.

Front 13

Metorrhagia

Back 13

Bleeding between menstrual periods

Front 14

Multigravida

Back 14

A woman who has been pregnant more than once

Front 15

Parity

Back 15

The condition of having borne offspring regardless of the outcome

Front 16

Perimenopause

Back 16

Before the onset menopause, the phase during which the woman with regular periods changes to irregular cycles and increased periods of amenorrhea.

Front 17

Perimenopause

Back 17

Before the onset of menopause, the phase during which the woman with regular periods changes to irregular cycles and increased periods of amenorrhea.

Front 18

Preeclampsia

Back 18

A major complication of pregnancy the cause of which is unknown characterized by increasing hypertension, albuminuria, and edema. If this condition is neglected or is not treated properly it may develop into ecclampsia...

Front 19

Primigravida

Back 19

A woman who is pregnant for the first time

Front 20

Trimester

Back 20

Three months or one third of the gestational period of pregnancy

Front 21

Colp/o

Back 21

Vagina

Front 22

Scopy

Back 22

Visual examination

Front 23

Dys

Back 23

Painful abnormal difficult

Front 24

Orrhea

Back 24

Flow, excessive discharge

Front 25

Ecto

Back 25

Outside outer

Front 26

Endo

Back 26

Within

Front 27

Gravid/o

Back 27

Pregnancy

Front 28

Gynec/o

Back 28

Woman

Front 29

Ology

Back 29

Study of

Front 30

Men/o

Back 30

Menstruation

Front 31

Nat/o

Back 31

Birth

Front 32

The pelvic exam consists of..

Back 32

Inspection of the internal genitalia, vagina, and cervix; collection of a specimen for a pap; bimanual pelvic exam; rectal vaginal exam

Front 33

Function of the speculum

Back 33

To hold the walls of the vagina apart to allow visual inspection of the vagina and cervix

Front 34

Pap is used for

Back 34

Early detection of cervical cancer which are caused by the human papillomavirus (hpv)

Front 35

Cervical specimen is collected by

Back 35

Placing the s shaped end of the plastic spatula just inside the cervical canal at the external os and rotating the blade 360 degrees

Front 36

The ectocervix

Back 36

Is the part of the cervix that projects into the vagina and is lined with stratified squamous epithelium.

Front 37

Liquid based prep

Back 37

Improves the quality of the specimen resulting in fewer slides that are unsatisfactorily for evaulation. A better quality specimen also reduces the occurrence of false-negative test results.

Front 38

Liquid based steps

Back 38

First it separates the cells from debris present in the specimen and then it disperses a representative cell sample onto a slide in a thin uniform layer. The slide is next immersed in a fixative to maintain the normal appearance of the cells.

Front 39

Direct smear method

Back 39

A vial of liquid preserves all or most of the specimens

Front 40

When a pap specimen is collected, it includes unnecessary...

Back 40

Debris such as blood and mucus

Front 41

With the liquid based method, the automated processor..

Back 41

Removes a large portion of the debris from the specimen

Front 42

With the liquid based method..

Back 42

The automated processor disperses the cells onto the slide in a thin, even layer.

Front 43

Maturation index

Back 43

Provides the physician with an endocrine evaluation of the patient, which can assist in evaluating the cause of infertility, menopausal or postmenopausal bleeding, or amenorrhea and can help assess the results of treatment with hormones.

Front 44

TBS

Back 44

The bethesda system

Front 45

The bethesda system (tbs) does what

Back 45

Provides a detailed cytologic description,rather than a numerical result.

Front 46

Specimen adequacy in the bethesda system

Back 46

The category refers to the quality of the specimen collected by the physician

Front 47

General categorization in the bethesda system

Back 47

Category provides the medical office with a quick review of the report.

Front 48

Interpretive results in the bethesda system

Back 48

This part of the report provides the physician with a detailed description of findings. Includes any significant benign changes and any abnormal changes in the epithelial cells.

Front 49

Trich

Back 49

Pear shaped , flagella(motility)

Front 50

Symptoms of trich

Back 50

Profuse,frothy vaginal discharge that is usually yellowish green and has an unpleasant odor, itching. And irritation.

Front 51

Strawberry cervix

Back 51

Cervix may exhibit small red spots

Front 52

How to identify trich in the office

Back 52

Wet prep, involving placing a small amount of the discharge on a slide using a sterile swab adding a drop of isotonic solution and placing the coverslip over it to protect it. Slide is examined under the microscope and observed for moving flagella.

Front 53

Trich is treated with

Back 53

Metronidazole (flagyl)

Front 54

Conditons thats can cause a candidal infection(yeast infection)

Back 54

Pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, and prolonged antibiotic therapy

Front 55

Symptoms of candidiasis(yeast infection)

Back 55

White patches on the mucous membranes of the vagina, A thick odorless cottage cheese like discharge , extremely irritating and results in burning and intense itching

Front 56

koh dissolves celluar debris present in the smear and allows better visualization of..

Back 56

Yeast buds, spores, or hyphae.

Front 57

Chlamydia symptoms

Back 57

Dysuria,itching and irritation..and a yellowish odorless vaginal discharge. Appear 1 to 3 weeks after infection. If not treated can lead to PID.

Front 58

Gonorrhea

Back 58

An infection of the genitourinary tract that is transmitted through sexual intercourse.

Front 59

Men have more gonorhhea symptoms..they include

Back 59

Dysuria, and a whiteish discharge from the penis which may progress to a thick creamy discharge

Front 60

How is gonorrhea diagnosed

Back 60

Dna probe test or a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)

Front 61

What does the NAAT test do?

Back 61

Detects the presence of the genes of the gonorrhea bacterium

Front 62

3 diseases that could affect mother and fetus(oast medical history)

Back 62

Diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease.

Front 63

Gravidity (G)

Back 63

Recorded using one digit, indicates number of times a women has been pregnant including current pregnancy

Front 64

Parity

Back 64

Refers to the condition of having borne offspring regardless of the outcome.

Front 65

Term birth (T)

Back 65

Delivery after 37 weeks whether child is alive or stillborne

Front 66

Preterm birth (P)

Back 66

Delivery between 27 and 30 weeks regardless if child is alive or stillborne

Front 67

Abortion(A)

Back 67

Termination of a pregnancy before 20 weeks

Front 68

Living children (L)

Back 68

Number of living children

Front 69

Expected date of delivery formula

Back 69

Add 7days, subtract 3 months and add 1 year from the last menstrual period

Front 70

Purpose of initial prenatal exam

Back 70

To confirm pregnancy and establishes a baseline. Includes gynecologic exam and a general physical exam

Front 71

Warning signs during pregnancy

Back 71

Signs of spontaneous abortion: Abdominal pain and cramping

Signs of placental or fetal problems: vaginal spotting or bleeding

Front 72

If gonorrhea is present at delivery and not treated...

Back 72

Could lead to blindness.

Front 73

When is a woman tested for group b strep

Back 73

Between 35 and 37 weeks

Front 74

Rubella antibody titer

Back 74

Assesses the level of antibody against rubella

Front 75

Rh antibody titer

Back 75

Detects the quantity of circulating Rh antibodies against red blood cells

Front 76

0 to 28 weeks return prenatal visits

Back 76

Every 4 weeks

Front 77

Positive reaction to glucose may indicate

Back 77

The development of gestational diabetes mellitus or a prediabetic condition,

Front 78

Positive reaction to protein

Back 78

May indicate a UTI or preeclampsia

Front 79

Most common medical disorder of pregnancy

Back 79

Hypertension

Front 80

Normal fetal heart rate

Back 80

Between 120 and 160 beats per minute

Front 81

Lcd screen on the doppler purpose

Back 81

To display the fetal pulse rate

Front 82

Purpose of gel applied during doppler

Back 82

To increase conductivity of the sound waves between the abdomen and the transducer

Front 83

Mulitple marker test

Back 83

To screen for the presence of certain fetal abnormalities which include neural tube defects, down syndrome, trisomy 18,and ventral wall defect

Front 84

Primary purpose of ultrasound scan

Back 84

To evaluate the health of the fetus and to determine gestational age

Front 85

Transabdominal ultrasound scan

Back 85

Patient must have a full bladder..32 ounces of water approximately between 1 hour before the procedure. A full bladder acts as an acoustic window through which the sound wave scan travel to provide a clear visualization of the uterus

Front 86

The non stress test(NST)

Back 86

Monitors changes in the fetal heart rate in response to the fetus' spontaneous movements.

Front 87

The puerperium

Back 87

Includes the time in which the body systems are returning to their pre pregnant or nearly pre pregnant state, usually 4 to 6 weeks after delivery

Front 88

Color of the lochia after birth

Back 88

First 2 days: mostly blood by 4 days:becomes pink or brownish. By 10 days: yellowish white. Becomes paler until the 3rd week after delivery

Front 89

When to call office with discharge after delivery

Back 89

If the amount increases instead of decreases, if it is absent with 2 weeks of delivery, if it changes to red after having been yellowish white, or if it takes a foul odor indicating infection.

Front 90

6 week check up

Back 90

Evaluation of the general mental status and physical appearance, breast and pelvic examination and checks to see is the muscle tone has returned to the abdominal wall. NO PAP