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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
both glycogenesis and glycogenolysis are controlled primarily by the interplay between the two hormones insulin and ______ |
glucagon |
|
hexokinase D is found in the |
liver |
|
an enzyme family called the ____ catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexoses in the body |
hexokinases |
|
the conversion if glucose 1-phosphate to UDP-glucose has the delta G naught prime near zero. which of the following reactions is coupled with the above reaction to drive it to completion |
hydrolysis of PPi |
|
which of the following is required for the conversion of UDP-glucose to glycogen |
Glycogen synthase and branching enzyme both A and B |
|
a glycogen molecule that has been degraded to its branch points is called |
limit dextrin |
|
regulation of glycolysis involves all of the following except |
none of the above |
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the building of insulin receptors on the surface of muscle cells stimulates which of the following processes |
glycogenesis |
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under stressful conditions, epinepherine is released from the adrenal medulla. the release of epinephrine has which of the following effects |
all of the above |
|
phosphorylase kinase |
converts inactive phosphorylase to active phosphrylase |
|
cori's disease is caused by |
a deficiency of debranching enzyme |
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which of the following activates phosphoprotien phosphatase |
insulin |
|
glucose-6-phosphate is a substrate in which of the following processes |
gluconeogenesis and glycolysis both A and B |
|
Fructose-2-6-bisphosphate |
is an indicator of high cellular glucose concentration |
|
the embden-myehof pathway is also refered to as |
glycolysis |
|
in glycolysis, net____ moles of ATP are produced per mole of glucose consumed |
2 |
|
in glycolysis____moles of NADH are produced per mole of glucose consumed |
2 |
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the presense of which of the following molecules indicates that the cell has sufficient energy reserves |
ATP and citrate both A and B |
|
which of the following enymes is an oxidoreductase |
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase |
|
the first reaction in the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway is catalyzed by |
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase |
|
which of the following enzymes catalyze an irreversible process |
pyruvate kinase |
|
in anaerobic organisms pyruvate is used to regenerate cellular |
NAD+ |
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allosteric regulation of which of the following enzymes is important in the regulation of glycolysis |
all of the above |
|
gluconeogenesis occurs primarily in the |
liver |
|
which of the following molecules can be used to synthesize glucose via gluconeogenesis |
all of the above |
|
which of the following is the most important glucogenic amino acid |
alanine |
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gluconeogenesis is stimulated by high concentrations of which of the following compounds |
all of the above |
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which of the following is an oxidizing agent in fermentation |
pyruvate |
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in addition to glucose, which of the following sugars are important in the human diet |
sucrose |
|
intermediates in the monoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway incluse all of the following except |
dihydroxyacetone phosphate |
|
the use of highly exergonic reactions in the begining of a catabolic pathway is referred to as |
turbo design |
|
aldol cleavage of which of the following sugar will produce one mole each of dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde |
fructose |
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which of the following is a second messenger in glycogenolysis |
cAMP |
|
in animals excess glucose is converted into its storage form |
glycogen |
|
the major carbohydrate fuel for ost organisms is |
glucose |
|
which of the following enzymes is not required in gluconeogenesis |
phosphofructokinase |
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the final product of glycolysis is |
pyruvate |
|
the principle products of the pentose phosphate pathway include |
NADPH and Ribose-5-phosphate both B and D |
|
flux of which of the following sugars into the glycolutic pathway is essentially unregulated |
fructose |
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conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6- bisphosphate has two purposese. one is the commitment of the molecule to glycolysis, the second is |
preventing the cleavage products of the next step from diffusing out of the cell |
|
which of folowing enzymes will catalyze the first commitment step in glycolysis |
phosphofructokinase |
|
the crabtree effect in yeast is |
repression of aerobic metabolism of glucose |
|
the pasteur effect is |
repression of glycolysis by oxygen |
|
the diauxic shift is |
a significant change in gene expression |
|
the phosphorolation of glucose when it enters a cell accomplishes which of the following |
prevents back diffusion out of the cell and activates the glucose for further reaction both B and D |
|
which of the following compounds is an end products of anerobic respiration |
ethanol |