Chapter 8

Front 1

The skeleton is divided into two regions called:

Back 1

Axial Skeletion
and
Appendicular skeleton

Front 2

__________ formed the central supporting axis of the body, includes the skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone, vertebrate column, and thoracic cage.

Back 2

Axial skeleton

Front 3

____________ includes the bones of the lower limb and pelvic girdle.

Back 3

Appendicular skeleton

Front 4

____________ that form within some tendons in response to stress.

Back 4

Sesmoid bones

Front 5

Reason for adults variation is that come people have extra bones in the skull called _________ or ____________

Back 5

Sutural / Wormian bones

Front 6

______________ is visible as seams on the surface.

Back 6

Sutures

Front 7

________ encloses the brain.

Back 7

Cranial cavity

Front 8

The cranium is a figid structure with an opening the _________________

Back 8

foreman magnum

Front 9

The _________________ forms the roof and walls.

Back 9

Calvaria

Front 10

The relatively shallow _________________ is crescent shaped and accommodates the frontal lobes of the brain.

Back 10

Anterior cranial fossa

Front 11

The _________________ dops abruptly deeper, is shaped like a pair of outstretched bird's wings and accommodates the temporal lobes.

Back 11

middle cranial fossa

Front 12

The ___________________ deepest and houses a large posterior division of the brain called the cerebellum.

Back 12

posterior cranial fossa

Front 13

The _____________ extends from the forehead back to a prominent coronal suture, which crosses the crown of the head from right to left and joins the frontal bones to the parietal bones.

Back 13

frontal bones

Front 14

Deep to the eyebrows it has a ridge called the ____________.

Back 14

supraoribital foramen

Front 15

The smooth area of the frontal bones just above the root of the nose is called the _________________.

Back 15

glabella

Front 16

The right and left ______________ form most of the cranial roof and part of its walls.

Back 16

parietal bones

Front 17

the ________ suture is between the parietal bones.

Back 17

sagittal

Front 18

the _________ suture at the anterior margin.

Back 18

coronal

Front 19

____________ occurs near the corner of the lamboid and sagittal sutures.

Back 19

paritetal foramen

Front 20

________________ is relatively flat and vertical. It is enriched by the _________ suture.

Back 20

squamous part
squamous

Front 21

the ___________ extends anteriorly to form part of the ___(B)______, and the ____(C)____ , a depression where the mandible articulates with the cranium.

Back 21

Zygomatic process
(B) zygomatic arch
(C) mandibular fossa

Front 22

_____________ is a small ring of bone that borders the external acroustic meatus, the opening into the ear canal.

Back 22

tympanic part

Front 23

______________ lies posterior to the tympanic part. It bears a heavy mastoid process, which you can palpate as a prominent lump behind the earlobe.

Back 23

mastoid part

Front 24

Deep to the eyebrows, its ridges is called ____________.

Back 24

supaorbital margin

Front 25

____________ is a passage for the internal _______ artery, a major blood supply to the brain.

Back 25

carotid canal

Front 26

___________ is a large, irregular opening just medial to the styloid process, between the temporal and occiptal bones.

Back 26

jugular foramen

Front 27

__________ bone forms the rear of the skull and much of its base. Its features the foramen magnum, admits the spinal cord to the cranial cavity and provides a point of attachment for the dura mater.

Back 27

occipital bone

Front 28

The bone continues anterior to the foramen magnum as a thick medial plate called ______________.

Back 28

basilar part

Front 29

Either side of the foramen magnum is a smooth knob called the _________.

Back 29

occipital condyle

Front 30

At the anterolateral edge of each condyle is a ______________, named for the ________ nerve that passes through it to supply the muscles of the tongue.

Back 30

hypoglassal canal
hypoglassal

Front 31

Prominent medial bump called the ______________________; the attachment for the nuchal ligament, which binds the skull to the vertbral column.

Back 31

external occipital protuberance

Front 32

_______________ has complex shape with a thick medial body and outstretched greater and lesser wings, which give the bone as a whole a somewhat ragged mothlike shape.

Back 32

sphenoid bone

Front 33

_____________ is an anterior cranila bone located between the eyes,

Back 33

ethmoid bone

Front 34

___________________ is a thin median plate of bone that forms the superior two thirds of the nasal septum.

Back 34

perpendicular plate

Front 35

______________ are those have no direct contact with the brain or meninges.

Back 35

facial bones

Front 36

____________ form the upper jaw and meet each other at a median intermaxillary suture.

Back 36

maxillae

Front 37

____________ form the rest of the hard plate, part of the wall of the nasal cavity, AND part of the floor of the orbit.

Back 37

palatine plate

Front 38

____________ forms the angles of the cheeks at the interolateral margins of the orbits and part of the lateral wall of each orbits; they extend about halfway to the ear.

Back 38

zygomatic bones

Front 39

_________________ is discussed in connection with hearing.

Back 39

auditory ossicles

Front 40

The ________ bone is a slender bone between the chin and larynx.

Back 40

hyoid bone

Front 41

vertabrate is divided into 5 groups using numbers like:

Back 41

7 cervical vertbrate
12 thoraric vertebrate
5 sacral vertbrate

Front 42

The _______________have unique structures that allows for head movements.

Back 42

cervical vertebrate

Front 43

_____________ s called the atlas b/c it supports the head in a manner reminiscent of the Titan of greek mythology who was condemned by Zeus to carry the world on his shoulders

Back 43

Vertbrae C1

Front 44

_________________ allow for passage of nerves arteries to the pelvic organs.

Back 44

anterior sacral foramina

Front 45

The spinous processs of the vertbrae fuse into a ridge called _______________.

Back 45

median scral crest

Front 46

The posterior side of the sacrum, there are four pairs of openings for spinal nerves is called ____________.

Back 46

posterior sacral foramina

Front 47

The _________ can be fractured by a difficult childbirth or hard fall to the buttocks.

Back 47

coccyx

Front 48

Ribs 8 to 12 are ________

Back 48

false ribs or floating ribs

Front 49

_________ supports the arm proper, extends from shoulder to elbow. it contains only one bone, the humerus.

Back 49

brachium

Front 50

_________ supports the arms. it consists of two bones on each side of the body; the clavicle and scapula.

Back 50

pectoral girdle

Front 51

the medial end of the clavicle articulates with the sternum at ________________ joint; and its lateral end articulates with the scapula at the ________(B)_____ joint.

Back 51

sternoclavicular joint
(B) acromioclavicular joint

Front 52

The scapula articulates with the humerus at the _______________ joint. THey also make the shoulder joint easy to dislocate.

Back 52

humeroscapular joint

Front 53

_____________ is a slightly S-shaped bone, somewhat flattened verticaly, and easily seen and palpated on the upper thorax.

Back 53

clavicle

Front 54

________________ is a triangular plate that posteriorly overlies ribs 2 to 7.

Back 54

scapula

Front 55

arm proper extends from shoulder to elbow is _____________.

Back 55

brachium

Front 56

forearm, extends from elbow to wrist and contains two bones; the radius and ulna is _________.

Back 56

antebrachium

Front 57

wrist, contains eight small bones arranged in two rows is ___________.

Back 57

carpus

Front 58

hand contians 19 bones in two groups 5 metacarpals in the palms and 14 phalanges in the fingers is called ____________.

Back 58

manus

Front 59

_________________ has a hemispherical head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

Back 59

humerus

Front 60

The proximal head of the _______ is a distinctive disc that rotates freely on the humerus when the palm is turned forward and back.

Back 60

radius

Front 61

__________ form the wrist, and are arranged in two rows of four bones each.

Back 61

carpal bones

Front 62

Latin for boat, moon, triangle, and pea shaped respectively.

Back 62

scaphoid, lunate, triguetrum, pisiform

Front 63

two ossa coxae is called __

Back 63

pelvic girdle

Front 64

__________ is the most anterior portion of the coxae .

Back 64

pubis

Front 65

Arches are held together by short strong ligaments called ______________.

Back 65

pes planus

Front 66

____________ essentially extends from heels to halux, which formed form the calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, and metatarsal.

Back 66

medial longitudinal arch