Chapter 8

Front 1

Non-Intercourse Act

Back 1

In the last four days of President Thomas Jefferson's presidency, the United States Congress replaced the Embargo Act of 1807 with the almost unenforceable Non-Intercourse Act of March 1809. This Act lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports

Front 2

Orders in Council

Back 2

Order-in-Council is a type of legislation in many countries, typically those in the Commonwealth of Nations

Front 3

Jefferson’s presidential goals

Back 3

restore the principles of the American Revolution

Front 4

Berlin and Milan Decrees

Back 4

was issued on December 17, 1807 by Napoleon I of France to enforce the Berlin Decree of 1806 which had initiated the Continental System

Front 5

The Quids

Back 5

various factions of the American Democratic-Republican Party during the period 1804–1812

Front 6

War Hawks

Back 6

War Hawk - is a term originally used to describe members of the Twelfth Congress of the United States who advocated waging war against the British

Front 7

john Calhoun

Back 7

leading politician and political theorist from South Carolina during the first half of the 19th century

Front 8

Macon’s Bill Number Two

Back 8

which became law in the United States on May 1, 1810, was intended to motivate Britain and France to stop seizing American vessels

Front 9

Embargo Act

Back 9

Law passed by Congress and signed by President Thomas Jefferson in 1807. This law stopped all trade between America and any other country.

Front 10

Andrew Jackson

Back 10

seventh President of the United States (1829–1837). Based in frontier Tennessee

Front 11

John Paul Jones

Back 11

The first well known naval fighter in the Revolutionary War

Front 12

Jefferson’s stance on slavery

Back 12

Jefferson urged the representatives to prepare legislation outlawing slavery

Front 13

Louisiana Government Bill

Back 13

Bill giving Louisiana a transitional goivernment consisting entirely of appointed officials

Front 14

Oliver Hazard Perry

Back 14

Served the U.S. navy in the War of 1812 and destroyed a British fleet at Put-in-Bay.

Front 15

William Henry Harrison

Back 15

Governor of the Indiana territory and general who became a national hero after leading American troops to victory at the battle of Tippecanoe

Front 16

Francis Scott Key

Back 16

Writer of "The Star-Spangled Banner"

Front 17

Chesapeake Incident

Back 17

When the captain of The Chesapeake, an American warship, refused to submit to a search for deserters, a British warship, The Leopard, open fired killing three men and wounding eighteen.

Front 18

War Hawks

Back 18

Republicans who called for resistance against Britain, for any course that would promise to achieve respect for the United States and security for its republican institutions.

Front 19

Hartford Convention

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In 1814 a group of New England politicians gathered in Hartford to discuss relations of people of their region and the federal government

Front 20

Tecumseh

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rejected classification as a Shawnee and may have been the first native leader to identify himself self-consciously as "Indian."

Front 21

Louisiana Purchase

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erritory in the western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million; extends from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada

Front 22

Lewis and Clark Expedition

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expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States; led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark; traveled from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River from 1803 to 1806

Front 23

Barbary States

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two wars between the United States of America and the Barbary States of North Africa in the early 19th century. At issue was the Barbary pirates' demand of tribute from American merchant vessels in the Mediterranean Sea. American naval power attacked the pirate cities and extracted concessions of fair passage from their rulers

Front 24

Marbury v. Madison

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a landmark case in United States law. It formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution

Front 25

Judicial Review

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review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court

Front 26

Fletcher vs Peck

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landmark United States Supreme Court decision. The first case in which the Supreme Court ruled a state law unconstitutional, the decision also helped create a growing precedent for the sanctity of legal contracts, and hinted that Native Americans did not hold title to their own lands (an idea fully realized in Johnson v. M'Intosh

Front 27

Jeffersonian Republicanism

Back 27

political philosophy supporting a federal government with greatly constrained powers and advocating a strict interpretation of the U.S. Constitution. Jeffersonian philosophy also called for state and local governments to safeguard the rights and property of citizens. Jeffersonians recognized both private and common property

Front 28

John Randolph

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English scholar, teacher, and cleric who rose to become Bishop of London.He was born Much Hadham, Hertfordshire, the son of Thomas Randolph, President of Corpus Christi College, Oxford and educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford.He was awarded BA in 1771, MA in 1774 and BD in 1782

Front 29

Aaron Burr

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United States politician who served as vice president under Jefferson; he mortally wounded his political rival Alexander Hamilton in a duel and fled south (1756-1836

Front 30

John Quincy Adams

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6th President of the United States; son of John Adams (1767-1848)

Front 31

Peaceable Coercion

Back 31

President Jefferson believed he could use "peaceable coercion"—the denial of American trade

Front 32

Status of the Slave Trade

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jefferson wanted it outlawed

Front 33

Daniel Boone

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September 26, 1820) was an American pioneer, explorer, and frontiersman

Front 34

Battle of Horseshoe Bend

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critical to Jackson's career and the resolution of the "indian problem."

Front 35

Albert Gallatin

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Swiss-American ethnologist, linguist, politician, diplomat, congressman

Front 36

Treaty of Ghent

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meant that thousands of people had died for nothing: nobody won the war of 1812.

Front 37

Timothy Pickering

Back 37

politician from Massachusetts who served in a variety of roles

Front 38

John Marshall

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President John Adams nominated John Marshall, then Secretary of State, as chief justice of the United States Supreme

Front 39

Election of 1800

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sometimes referred to as the "Revolution of 1800,"