Chapter 8

Front 1

Tecumseh

Back 1

a famous chief of the Shawnee who tried to unite Indian tribes against the increasing white settlement

Front 2

Louisiana Purchase

Back 2

territory in the western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million; extends from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada

Front 3

Lewis & Clark Expendition

Back 3

The Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804–1806) was the first overland expedition undertaken by the United States to the Pacific coast and back. The expedition team was headed by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark and assisted by Sacajawea and Toussaint Charbonneau.

Front 4

Barbary States

Back 4

The Barbary Coast, or Barbary, was the term used by Europeans from the 16th until the 19th century to refer to the Maghreb, the middle and western coastal regions of North Africa—what is now Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya. The name is derived from the Berber people of north Africa.

Front 5

Marbury v. Madison

Back 5

Supreme Court case decided in 1803 that established the concept of judicial review -- the power of the Supreme Court to review acts of the president and Congress and determine if they are constitutional

Front 6

Judicial Review

Back 6

review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court

Front 7

Fletcher v. Peck

Back 7

Fletcher v. Peck, , was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision. It was one of the first cases in which the Supreme Court ruled a state law unconstitutional.

Front 8

Jeffersonian Republicanism

Back 8

Jeffersonian democracy is the set of political goals that were named after Thomas Jefferson. It dominated American politics in the years 1800-1820s. It is contrasted with Jacksonian democracy, which dominated the next political era.

Front 9

John Randolph

Back 9

sidewheel steamer, lost on Sullivan's Island on January 20, 1865.

Front 10

Aaron Burr

Back 10

Aaron Burr, Jr. (February 6, 1756 – September 14, 1836) was an American politician, Revolutionary War participant, and adventurer. He served as the third Vice President of the United States (1801–1805), under Thomas Jefferson, and was the first vice president to never serve as president.

Front 11

John Quincy Adams

Back 11

Adams: 6th President of the United States; son of John Adams

Front 12

Peaceable Coercion

Back 12

force or the power to use force in gaining compliance, as by a government or police force.

Front 13

Status of the Slave Trade

Back 13

,

Front 14

Daniel Boone

Back 14

Boone: an American pioneer and guide and explorer

Front 15

Battle of the Horseshoe Bend

Back 15

was fought during the War of 1812 in central Alabama. On March 27, 1814, United States forces and Indian allies under General Andrew Jackson defeated the Red Sticks, a part of the Creek Indian tribe inspired by the Shawnee leader Tecumseh, effectively ending the Creek War.

Front 16

Albert Gallantin

Back 16

was a Swiss-American ethnologist, linguist, politician, diplomat, Congressman, and the longest-serving United States Secretary of the Treasury. He was also a founder of New York University.

Front 17

Treaty of Ghent

Back 17

The Treaty of Ghent , signed on December 24, 1814, in Ghent, United Kingdom of the Netherlands (currently in Belgium), was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Front 18

Timothy Pickering

Back 18

was a politician from Massachusetts who served in a variety of roles, most notably as the third United States Secretary of State, serving in that office from 1795 to 1800 under Presidents George Washington and John Adams.

Front 19

John Marshall

Back 19

United States jurist; as chief justice of the Supreme Court he established the principles of United States constitutional law

Front 20

Election of 1800

Back 20

In the United States Presidential election of 1800, sometimes referred to as the "Revolution of 1800," Vice President Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent president John Adams.

Front 21

Non-Intercourse Act

Back 21

In the last four days of President Thomas Jefferson's presidency, the United States Congress replaced the Embargo Act of 1807 with the almost unenforceable Non-Intercourse Act of March 1809. This Act lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports.

Front 22

Orders in Council

Back 22

Order issued under the signature of the King of Great Britain, or of a Governor in a British colony, that set regulations on a particular issue. In the case of the War of 1812, the Orders-in-Council restricted trade by neutrals with France.

Front 23

Jefferson's presidential goals

Back 23

a frugal, limited government;
reduction of the public debt;
respect for states' rights;
encouragement of agriculture; and
a limited role for government in peoples' lives.

Front 24

Berlin and Milan Decrees

Back 24

was issued on December 17, 1807 by Napoleon I of France to enforce the Berlin Decree of 1806 which had initiated the Continental System. This system was the basis for his plan to defeat the British by waging economic warfare. The Milan Decree stated that no European country was to trade with the United Kingdom.

Front 25

The Quids

Back 25

refers to different factions of the United States Democratic-Republican Party during the period 1804–1812. In Latin, the term means "a third something"

Front 26

War Hawks

Back 26

War Hawk is a term originally used to describe members of the United States Judiciary branch of the Twelfth Congress of the United States who advocated waging war against the United Kingdom in the War of 1812.

Front 27

John Calhoun

Back 27

was a politician in Alberta, Canada and a municipal councillor in Edmonton.

Front 28

Macon's Bill Number Two

Back 28

which became law in the United States on May 1, 1810, was intended to motivate Britain and France to stop seizing American vessels during the Napoleonic Wars. This bill was a revision of the original bill by Representative Nathaniel Macon, known as Macon's Bill Number 1. The law lifted all embargoes with Britain or France. If either one of the two countries stopped attacks upon American shipping, the United States would cease trade with the other, unless that country agreed to recognize the rights of the neutral American ships as well.

Front 29

Embargo Act

Back 29

The Embargo Act of 1807 was a bill that banned trade between the United States of America and other nations. The bill also prevented many ships from leaving American ports thus hindering exploration efforts.

Front 30

Andrew Jackson

Back 30

Jackson: 7th president of the US; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815; expanded the power of the presidency

Front 31

John Paul Jones

Back 31

American naval commander in the American Revolution

Front 32

Jefferson's stance on slavery

Back 32

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Front 33

Louisiana Government Bill

Back 33

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Front 34

Oliver Hazard Perry

Back 34

United States commodore who led the fleet that defeated the British on Lake Erie during the War of 1812; brother of Matthew Calbraith Perry

Front 35

William Henry Harrison

Back 35

9th President of the United States; caught pneumonia during his inauguration and died shortly after

Front 36

Francis Scott Key

Back 36

was an American lawyer, author, and amateur poet, from Georgetown, who wrote the words to the United States' national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner."

Front 37

Chesapeake Incident

Back 37

In the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair, also referred to as the Chesapeake Affair, which occurred on June 22, 1807, the British fourth-rate warship attacked and boarded the American frigate .

Front 38

Hartford Convention

Back 38

The Hartford Convention was an event in 1814-1815 in the United States during the War of 1812 in which New England's opposition to the war reached the point where secession from the United States was discussed.